《英语音标基础学习及练习》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语音标基础学习及练习（8页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、英语音标学习认识几个定义：1、音素 英语语音中最小的发音单位。2、元音 发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍。3、辅音 发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍。4、音节 说话时最小的语音片段。 一个可以为单个元音（如 I/a/） ，或者一个元音加上一个或多个辅音（如 tree /tri:/） 。单词可以根据音节数量分为：单音节词，双音节词和多音节词。5、开音节 以读音为元音的字母结尾的音节，即辅音+元音（如 me, he 等） ；或以不发音字母 e 结尾（如 name, come 等） 。6、闭音节 以一个或几个辅音字母结尾且中间只有一个元音，即元音+辅音（如 it, pen, pick 等）
2、。7、重读 在双音节或多音节单词中，有个音节必须读得特别强而重，而其它音节读得相对弱而轻，这种现象就叫单词重读。用符号“ ”表示。8、清音和浊音（辅音） 发音时声带不振动叫清辅音；声带振动叫浊辅音。音标基础学习一、英语共有 48 个音素，元音 20 个，辅音 28 个元音1. 长短：/i:/ / /:/ / /:/ / /U:/ / / 2. 大小：/e/ / /:/ /3. I 组：/e/ /a/ /4. U 组：/ /a/5. 组：/ /e/ /清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ / /s/ / /t / /tr/ /ts/ /h/ 浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ / /z/
3、/ /d/ /dr/ /dz/ /r/ /m/n/ / / /w/j/注：s 与辅音元音里的爆破音结合时，通常是清辅音被浊化, /p/ /t/ /k/ 它们浊化后，分别发成: /b/ /d/ /g/二26 个字母在单词中的具体发音a 1. /ei/ name able cake table take date2. / apple cat map am match matter sad and angry 3. /: / dance last pass plant 4. / want what watch wash5. / a arrive along alike aloud e 1. /i:/
4、 he she me evening meter 2. /e/ elephant egg bed pen best get empty February next then send 3. /i/ enjoy English eleven because foresti 1. /ai / fine bike five ice climber hiking kind 2. /i/ is sit miss pig picture interesting ill dinner him listen pick rivero 1. /u / old home nose coke tomato tofu
5、over hold piano2. / dog not clock box robot on from forest often stop3. / son month mother love young4. /u:/ who do whoseu 1. /ju: / use usually excuse menu2. /bus us sun duck uncle up trunk funny must3. / u / put pull helpfulb /b/ book big bag boxc 1. /k/ clean climb cup clock cook collect curtain
6、clothes2. /s/ face nice pencil city cinema d /d/ desk doll dog dad day dont dish does deepf /f/ fine friend fly foot fan fall fight favourite fruit funny g 1. / gun glass glad go get 2. /d / age orange villageh /h/ hat her house honey happy have heavier hurt hobby hospitalj / d/ jeep jacket jump Jan
7、. July Junek /k/ kite cake thank kangaroo speak take walk work lake like l 1. /l/ leg left ruler flag lamp longer relax play 2. /l/ apple bowl tell old tail whale m /m/ am map my mouth milk n 1. /n/ no know new hand 2. / thank think thing uncle swingp /p/ map jeep pig pen apple plant play potato ple
8、ase policemanq /kw/ quite quilt quick r /r/ red radio brother rain read run rabbit write mirror librarys 1. /s/ sit miss this salty books spring swim sleep sometimes grass 2. /z/ nose those rose rulers seasont /t/ it sit not that table little tired take left fruit but plantv /v/ five very seven vill
9、age livew /w/ we window watch want wait water Wednesday winter withx /ks/ box six fox relaxy 1. /ai /my fly why bye 2. / j / yes yellow young yesterday3. / i /happy baby very windy snowy study z / z / zoo zero三、常见字母组合（一）元音组合 ai /ei/ wait paint ay /ei/ may play day say air / / air hair chair al /:/ t
10、all small ball ar /: / farther farm car arm ea /i:/ meat please tea read /e/ head bread ready /i/ theater ear / i / ear hear near / bear /:/ earth ee /i:/ meet see bee feet jeep eir / their er / worker teacher /:/ her ere /i/ here / where there ew /ju: / new few /u: / flew grew ight /ai / right high
11、 bright ir /: / bird girl shirt thirty oa /u/ boat coat ong /o/ long song oo /u/ book foot good /u:/ moon balloon or /:/ short fork port /: / word world work oor /:/ door floor ore /:/ more store sore ou /au/ out house mouth our /:/ four your /au/ our ow /u/ bowl window /au/ now cow flower oy /oi/ b
12、oy toy ur /: / turn （二）辅音组合 th / thank mouth / / this that with tr /tr/ tree train truck dr /dr/ dress driver sh / shirt wash short ch /t / child chair catch / k / school Christmas / d/ sandwich tw /tw/ two twin twenty wh /w/ white wheel what /h/ who whose whom ts /ts/ jackets kites ds /dz/ birds fr
13、iends （三）特殊组合 tion /n/ question nation 四、单词重音（word stress）英语单词分为单音节词，双音节词和多音节词。含有一个元音音素的字母组合叫做一个音节，由一个音节构成的词叫做单音节词，如 bedbd,daddd.由两个音节构成的词叫双音节词，如 funny fn ，famous fems 由两个以上音节构成的单词叫多音节词，如 delicious dls 英语单词如果有一个以上的音节则有重读音节和非重读音节，由符号“ ”表示，如 about baut。有的多音节词有两个重音，一个是主重音，一个是次重音，或两个都是主重音，次重音用符号“， ”表示，标
14、在次重音的左下方。如 anybody n,bd。双音节的重音一般落在第一个音节上，多音节的重音通常为倒数第三个音节，如documentary ,dkjmntr，grandfather grnd,f。四句子重音（sentence stress）一个句子中，实词（名词，实义动词，数词，形容词，副词等）重读；虚词（冠词，介词）不重读。英语音标练习题一、口语练习（一）读出下列单词：1. /i:/ /i/ /e/ /bit/ /wi:k/ /di:l/ /ril/ /kid/ /dig/ /kwik/ /tip/ /zip/ /rid/ /wil/ bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip rid will /pk/ /gp/ /tr/ /ng/ /rm/ /btl/ /sed/ /hpi/ /setl/ /dipend/pack gap trash nag
