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1、高考总复习：被动语态真题再现：1. Dont worry. The hard work that you do now _ later in life. A. will be repaid B. was being repaid C. has been repaid D. was repaid2. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area _. We must act immediately before theres nothing left.A. have run out B. are running out C. have been run out
2、 D. are being run out3. Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I on Friday. A. get paid B. got paid C. have paid D. had been paid4. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house _.A. is being rebuilt B. has been rebuilt C. is rebuilt D. has rebuilt5
3、. Have you heard about that fire in the market? Yes, fortunately no one _. A. hurt B. was hurt C. has hurt D. had been hurt6. The letters for the boss _ on his desk but he didnt read them until three days later. A. were put B. was put C. put D. has put7. After school we went to the reading-room to d
4、o some reading, only to be told that it .A. was decorated B. had decoratedC. had been decorating D. was being decorated 8. Experiments of this kind _ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted9. I didnt
5、 ask for the name list. Why _ on my desk?I put it there just now in case you needed it.A. does it land B. has it landed C. will it land D. had it landed10. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _ four days later.A. rescued B. was rescued C. has rescued D. had been rescued答案与解析1. A
6、。从 dont 可知语境为现在，排除 B、D ；而 later in life 可知为将来的动作，意为“被给予回报”，故选 A。 2. B。分析题干语境可知，食品供应即将耗尽。run out 为不及物动词短语，不能使用被动形式，由此可排除 C 和 D 两个选项。B 选项为现在进行时态，可以表示将来，符合题意。因此，正确答案为 B 选项。3. A。在时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，且 I 与 pay 之间是动宾关系，所以选 A。4. A。句意为：他们现在暂时和父母一起居住，因为他们自己的房子正在重建。根据句意可知，应使用被动语态，且 house 与动词 rebuilt 之间为被动关系，故使用现
7、在进行时态的被动语态。5. B。根据语境，火灾发生在过去的时间，人有可能“被火伤害” ，用一般过去时的被动语态。6. A。句子的主语为 the letters，不能选择第三人称单数形式，排除 B, D 项；而且信应该是“被放在桌上”，选择被动语态。7. D。It 指代 the reading-room，所以只能用被动，考虑到 only to be told 表示结果，所以选择 D。8. D。 experiment 和 conduct 之间为被动关系，故排除 A 项和 C 项。conduct 这一动作发生在第二次世界大战之前，即“过去的过去”。9. B。根据句意可知名单现在在桌子上，故用现在时，
8、排除 C，D 项；句中强调 land 这一动作对现在产生的结果或影响，用现在完成时。10. B。根据句意，member 和 rescue 之间为被动关系，排除 A，C 项；另外 rescue 并不是发生在 get lost 之前，只是陈述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。知识讲解：被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态由 be过去分词构成，be 随时态的变化而变化。 一般现在时：am/is/are +done (过去分词) English is widely used in the world.现在完成时：has /have been done All those flowers have been wa
9、tered.现在进行时：am/is /are being done The blackboard is being painted now.一般过去时：was/were done We were asked to help them.过去完成时：had been done The building had been completed before I arrived.过去进行时：was/were being done The university was being built when I saw last time.一般将来时：shall/will be done A class mee
10、ting will be held next Monday.过去将来时：should/would be done She said the book would be delivered soon. 将来完成时：shall/will have been done I will have finished my high school this time next year.被动语态的特殊结构形式1.含情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词be过去分词。The books may be kept for two weeks.Whats done cannot be undone. 2. 有些动词
11、可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。Many books were given to the children at the school.Ann wasnt offered the job. 3. 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不变。He was seen sitting there without doing anything.4. 在使役动词 have, make, get 以及感官动词 see, watch, notice, hear, feel,
12、observe 等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式 to 要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加 to。The poor children were made to work 12 hours a day.She is made to clean the floor.5. 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词介词”，“动词副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。在被动结构中，切不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。Bad habits have been done away withThe plan ought to be put into practice as soon a
13、s possible使用被动语态的场合1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者 (这时可省 by 短语) 。Printing was introduced to Europe from China.2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。Health is valued above everything.3. 为了更好地安排句子。We were shocked by the bad news.“It is said/thought/believed that.”及类似句型一些表示“据说” 或“ 相信”的动词如 believe, consider, expect, report, sa
14、y, suppose, think 等可以用于句型“Itbe过去分词 that 从句”或“ 主语be过去分词 to do sth.”。有：It is said that 据说It is reported that 据报道It is believed that 大家相信It is hoped that 大家希望It is well known that 众所周知It is thought that 大家认为It is suggested that 据建议Somebody/ something be supposed to do. 被期望；应该It is said that the boy has
15、 passed the national exam. The boy is said to have passed the national exam.Im supposed to be meeting Tom at 8:15.谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1.很多动词如 break, catch, clean, drive, lock, open, sell, read, write, wash 等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物。Glass breaks easily.The car rides smoothly.The dish tastes delicious. The theory proved right at last.The book is so interesting that it sells well.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较：The door wont lock （指门本身有毛病）The door wont be locked
