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1、1Simile 1)As cold water is to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country. (Proverbs 25the Bible) 2)He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. (George Eliot) 3)He arose joint by joint, as a carpenters rule opens, and beat the dust from his clothes. (The Cop and the Ant
2、hem) 4) Dellas beautiful hair fell about her, rippling and shining like a cascade of brown waters.5)The ruby shall be redder than a red rose, and the sapphire shall be as blue as the great sea. (Oscar Wilde) 6)A man without knowledge is like a house without foundation. 7)Air to us is what water is t
3、o fish. 8)Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. 9)Wisdom is to the mind what health is to the body.Metaphor 1)Lifes but a walking shadow, a poor player. (Shakespeare, Macbeth) 2)If music be the food of love, play on. (Shakespeare, Twelfth Night) 3)Some books are to be _, others to be
4、_, and some few to be _ and _. (Francis Bacon, Of Studies) 4)All the worlds a stage, And all men and women merely players; They have their exits and entrances, And one man in his time plays many parts, His acts being seven ages (Shakespeare As You Like It) 5)He was strangled in the net of gossip. 6)
5、His life became a whirlwind of design meetings, client conferences, and last-minute decisions.The Use of Simile and MetaphorTry to be idiomaticspend money like water2as American as apple pieas strong as a horsework like horsesas stupid as a gooseas dry as sawdust(wet) like a drowned rata black sheep
6、fish in the airPersonification 1)The ship sailed into the teeth of the hurricane. 2)The wind whistled through the trees. The wind was moaning through the trees. 3)If not always in a hot mood to smash, the sea is always stealthily ready for a drowning. (Joseph Conrad) 4)The sky rejoices in the mornin
7、gs birth. (Wordsworth Resolution and Independence) Examples made by some students: 5)The rose blushes in the morning breeze. 6)The leaves are trembling in the wind. 7)Please water the thirsty flowers. 8)Look at the smiling moon. How bright it is!Metonymy Metonymy is a figure of speech which involves
8、 the substitution of the name of one thing for that of another. In other words, it involves a “change of name”; the substituted name suggests the thing meant. 1)He must have been spoiled from the cradle. 2)You can get a good cup at Blacks caf. 3)The whole town went out to welcome him. 4) Sword and c
9、ross in hand, the European conquerors fell upon the continent of America. 3 5)The pen is mightier than the sword. Grey hair should be respected. We are reading Dickens/listening to Beethoven. I very much like to buy an iPhone, only my purse does not allow me that luxury. 6He was on the bottle for 5
10、years. hit the bottle 7Her heart ruled her head. 8Whitehall refused to confirm the reports. 9the Pentagon 10Oval Office; (Capitol) Hill; Madison Avenue; Fleet Street The soldiers swore to fight for the hearth and the altar.Unchecked violence has already dulled the luster of the Big Apple. The daunti
11、ng task before its leaders is to prevent it from rotting to the core. bar Reasons for its wide useSynecdoche Synecdoche involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the whole for the part. Some experts also use synecdoche to refer to the substitution between the abstract and the concrete.
12、 The part for the whole 1)They counted 50 sails in the harbor. 2)He paid the workers $5 per head. 3)Yet there were some stout hearts who attempted resistance. (Ceril Scott Forester)They seek office, not to be useful to the state, but for the loaves and fishes. The whole for the part; the material fo
13、r the thing made 1)The birds sang to welcome the smiling year. 2)The doctor cut me open and took out the appendix. 3)She was dressed in silks. 4)Cotton suits you. The abstract for the concrete4 All the rank came out to see the sight. The concrete for the abstract She allowed the mother to be overrul
14、ed by the judge and declared her own son guilty. He has a smooth/ silver / evil/ rough/ sharp/ acid/ civil/ glib/ bitter/ bad/ wicked/ long/ oily tongue. have/ be a big mouth a crude-mouthed guy sweet toothOverstatement 1)Belinda smiled, and all the world was gay. (Alexander Pope) 2)For she was beau
15、tifulher beauty made the bright world dim, (Percy Bysshe Shelley: The Witch of Atlas) 3)Hamlet: I loved Ophelia: forty thousand brothers could not, with all their quality of love, make up my sum. 4)You always make the same mistake. I have warned you 1000 times. 5)Its ages since we met last time. 6)N
16、o book in the world is more difficult than this linguistic book. Reading it is absolute torture. 7)After TEM4, I could sleep for a year. 8)From his mouth flowed speech sweeter than honey. 9)I beg a thousand pardons. 10)Polly, I love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the constellations of outer space. Thanks a milli
