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1、Objective Description & Subjective Description1、 Objective descriptionObjective description focuses on facts, statistics, observable details. Textbooks, encyclopedias, training manuals, business reports, and government publications include objective description. Objective description avoids emotion,
2、 sensationalism, or subjective interpretation.Eg. UN aid officials report that the drought has exacerbated (恶化, 增剧) the famine. Farms and cattle ranches have failed. Food production has virtually ceased. The death rate in refugee camps has increased 20% to 150 per day. Orphans have left the camps to
3、 beg for food from convoy (护送) drivers bringing supplies from the coast.Feature：Objective description is best suited to academic, business, and professional writing. Although the writer may have an opinion, it is reflected by selecting factual details rather than using figurative language. Objective
4、 description avoids personalized judgments. Objective description is suited when you are writing as the agent as others, when your writing must reflect the ideas and observations of others. 2、 Subjective descriptionSubjective description is personal. It reflects the thoughts, feelings, mood of the w
5、riter. One writer may write a glowing description of Las Vegas, marveling at the lights, the glamour, the grandeur. Another writer may decry the citys shallow glitz, tasteless opulence, and dedication to selfishness and greed. Rather than focusing on factual detail, subjective descriptions seeks to
6、create powerful impressions.Eg.The once fertile (富饶，肥沃) valley is now a dusty moonscape (荒凉的风景) of dry riverbeds, broken earth, and skeletons. Hundreds of men and women die of thirst, hunger, and disease in the heat and dust of the hopeless refugee camps. Emaciated (瘦弱的) orphans wander along the hig
7、hway, lifting bony, empty hands to passing drivers. Scarred by hunger and loss, their young faces are old with death.Feature:Subjective description is developed through careful selection of details and use of connotations. Subjective description is best suited to personal essays, reviews, and commen
8、taries. It is often used in advertising to motivate consumers. To be effective, subjective description must use emotional appeals and images that readers will understand and appreciate. 3、 Blending Objective and Subjective Description Writers often blend objective and subjective description to balan
9、ce factual detail with the power of emotional impressions. Popular biographies, news magazines, and marketing materials often present a mix of fact and image. By blending objective and subjective elements, writers can provide readers with both logical and emotional appeals.Every six minutes someone
10、dies of hunger and disease in the refugee camp. Drought has destroyed the peoples ability to grow food. With only a cup of rice a day to sustain them, orphans have left the camp to beg along the highways. Unless you help, many of them will not survive more than a month.Feature:Blended descriptions g
11、enerally avoid long blocks of dry facts or highly sensational images. Blended descriptions are effective in reaching a mass audience. Expression on describing a personHairbold 秃发 plait (US braid) 一个编的辫子bun 头髻 pigtails (US braids) 两个编的辫子center parting 中分 bunches 两个马尾辫parting 头发的分印 ponytails 一个马尾辫frin
12、ges 刘海 shoulder-length hair 齐 肩的头发hairdo, hairstyle 发型 side parting 偏分silver 银色的 straight hair 直发shiny black 黑亮的 curly hair 卷发blond 金发的 wavy hair 波浪式卷发Eyesbeady 目光锐利的 snapping 闪光的smiling 含笑的 flashing 闪烁 的sad 悲 伤的 bulging 凸出的hazel 淡褐色的 dark brow 深棕色的empty 空洞的 sparkling 闪 光的hard 严酷的 glistening 闪烁的Eyeb
13、rowthick bushy 浓密的 uneven 闪光的arched 拱形的 knitted 闪烁 的Lipfull-lipped 厚嘴唇的 thin-lipped 薄嘴唇的set 坚决的 Sensuous 给人美感的Beardmoustache 胡须( 唇上部) a clean-shaved face 刮得光洁的脸a goatee beard 山羊胡子 bristles/stubble 胡须茬儿Facea haggard face 瘦削的面孔 Wrinkled 皱的diamond-shaped 方脸的 swollen 肿的egg-shaped 鹅蛋形的 sunken 凹陷的moon-sha
14、ped 月亮形的 round 圆的heart-shaped 心形的 broad 宽的slightly tanned 肤色较深的 narrow 窄的a pale complexion 肤色暗淡的 flat 扁平的plump/chubby cheeks 胖乎乎的脸蛋 bony 瘦骨嶙峋的high cheek bones 高高的颧骨 Freckles 雀斑 angular 瘦骨嶙峋的 oval 椭圆 的pointed chin 尖尖的下巴 a beauty spot 美人痣a double chin 双下巴 a roman nose 鹰钩鼻Facial expressionworried 不 乐的
15、blank 没有表情的lively 活 泼的 Vivacious 快活的peaceful 宁静的 placid 平静的SoundBooming 急骤的 Ringing 银铃 般的Rasping 令人焦躁的 Harsh 刺耳的Squeaky 刺耳的 Deep 低沉的Melodious 音调优美的 FigureSlim 苗条的 slender 单薄的Delicate 娇弱的 obese 肥胖的plump 丰满的 fat 肥胖的lean 瘦的 chunky 矮胖的gentle and graceful 窈窕 lanky 瘦 长thin and small 瘦小 robust 强壮的slight of
16、 figure 身材瘦小的 stout 结实的, 矮胖的healthy and strong 健壮的 Build 体格 of medium height 中等身材的 height 身高Agesixty years old 六十岁 in ones thirties 三十来岁 about/around forties 大 约四十岁 nearly fifties 年近五十 in ones early twenties 二十出头 be ones age 在某人的年纪时 be of the same age 同龄 approach old age/middle age/the age of boyhood 年近老年/中年/少年 boys of preschool age/teen age 学龄前/十几岁的男孩 girls betwee
