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1、 2010 年高考英语知识点+考点+题型+演练（13 ）一、语言知识点：1. lack+ wisdom/moneybe lacking in+couragelack for nothing for lack of：因缺乏have no lack of：不缺乏a/the lack of：的缺乏2. persuade sb to do=persuade sb into doing sthpersuade sb not to do=persuade sb out of doingsb to do=urge sb into doing：强烈要求某人干某事urge sth on sb：对某人强调某事th
2、at-clause+（should） do：强烈要求3. on the contrarybe contrary toon the other hand4. in case+从句in case of+短语 in this/that casein any case5. be content with：对感到满足来源:学+科+网=be satisfied/pleased with来源:Zxxk.Combe content to do：满足于做content （n.）：内容，目录6. at （the） sight of：一看见来源:Zxxk.Comat first sight：乍一见catch/get
3、/have （a） sight of：看见，发现lose sight of：看不见out of sight：在视线之外in/within sight：在视线内7. live through：活过，经历而未死来源:学,科,网live with：与同住，接受并忍受某事live on：以 为生 来源:学。科。网 Z。X。X。K 来源:学科网live by+doing：以为生 8. knock about：到处漫游， （风浪）冲击（船只）来源:Zxxk.Comknock into sb：撞上（某人）knock down：撞倒knock over：撞翻knockoff：把从上撞下来9. whats up
4、?=whas the matter?=whats wrong?=whats happening?10. witness n.：目击者，证人，证据vt.：目击，证明，为 作证tip n.：小费，尖，尖端vt.：使倾斜，倾倒，给 小费11. at hand：在近处，在手边，即将到来near/close at hand：近在手边on hand：手头上 来源: 学科网in hand：在手中，在掌握中by hand：用手工 at second hand：间接地，二手地hand in hand：手拉手，关系密切地12. in harmony with：与协调 /和谐来源:Z#xx#k.Comleave o
5、ut：省去，遗漏leavealone：不理会be worn out：筋疲力尽二、语法专题特殊句式的考点特殊句式包括有：倒装句、强调句、省略句、反意疑问句、主谓一致和情景交际。这些句式都有其基本结构和一些特殊情况的用法。所以对于这些句式重点要熟记这些用法，并要注重句意的理解。三、题型归纳阅读理解的解题要决 主旨大意题1. 根据文章第一段或首句确定文章的主旨。新闻报道的第一段一般首先概括全文的中心，另外有些说明性或议论性文章也会开门见山地提出文章的中心或阐述的观点，文章的第一句话或第一段就是对全文主旨大意的概括。后文对此进一步解释说明，一般上具体的事例或信息，全文具有先总后分的特点。我们在捕捉文章
6、的主题句时，应该对包含主题句的段落进行适当的分析。 例：Fear and its companion pain are two of the most use ful things that men and animals possess if they are properly used. If fire didnt hurt when it burned, children would play with it until their hands were burned away. Similarly, if pain existed but fear didnt, a child cou
7、ld burn itself again and again because fear would not warn it to keep away from the fire that had burnt it before. A really fearless soldier-and some do exist-is not a good soldier because he is soon killed; and a dead soldier is of no use to his army. Fear and pain are therefore two guards without
8、which men and animals might soon die out.Q: The best title for this passage should be_.A. No pains, No Gains B. Pain and ActionsC. The Value of Fear D. The Reason Why People Fear 分析文章的第一句话就开门见山点明了主题：如果利用得当，恐惧和痛苦是人和动物拥有的两样最有价值的东西。后文就此展开论述，说明恐惧的价值。故答案为 C。2. 主题 句在篇尾。主题句位于段末的文章的特点是作者采用了先摆事实，后下结论的写作手法。作者
9、在表述细节后，归纳要点、结论、建议或结果，以概括主题。我们在做题时，要判断所读内容是细节性的描述还是对所涉及问题的集中表达。如果文章首先提及的内容多为一般性的事实、细节的描写或具体的事例，则对文章 中心的归纳或作者观点及意图的体现极有可能在最后，可以重点细读最后一段，然后回过头来利用主题句进一步理解文章的细节。例：Free time increased considerably following the shortening of the working week, i.e. from six days to five days, and from ten hours to eight ho
10、urs a day. In fact, the working day couldnt be too long, otherwise people wouldnt have the time to spend their money. The amount of a familys budget spent on outside entertainment, such as parties, films and concerts has increased from just under 6% in Fords day to about 9% today. On the other hand,
11、 we spend only a quarter of what our great-grandparents paid for reading materials.来源:学科网 ZXXKIt is difficult to see how our spending patterns may c hange in the future. We already know that our population is aging and this will have an effect on the amount of money we spend on medical care.Q: What
12、is the subject discussed in the text?A. Changing patterns in spending B. Changes in family planningC. Decrease in food demand D. Increase in family income分析结合前文所提及的细节可知，文章最后一段 的第一句话即全文讨论的主题消费方式的变化。故答案为 A。 来源:学科网 ZXXK3. 主旨出现在文章的中间。在有些议论文或说明文中作者首先列举或说明人们的错误观点或认识误区，然后再点明自己的观点或说明的中心，最后点题，这样文章的主题句就出现在篇中。
13、例：A close friend siad: If I could only figure this out, I think I could find happiness. I have heard this before and will hear it again I am sure.Many people believe that finding happiness is all about finding something else they want. Not many have ever found long term happiness by achieving anothe
14、r goal. The answer to finding happiness is to look within yourself.In other words, happiness is a completely inside job. The most important piece to finding happiness is to comprehend happiness is a choice and not the result of an experience. If all happiness could be found as the result of an acqui
15、sition（成就）, meeting a goal, or having anything, then a persons happiness would always be subject to something else.Q: Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Look within to find happiness.B. Happiness, a choice or the result of an experie nce?C. The definition of happiness D. How can we create happiness?分析作者首先引用别人的观点，然后在材料的第二段点明主题：我们要从自己的内心去寻找幸福。B 项表示不确定的两种观点，与作者意图不符；C 项仅仅是文章的细节；D 项不是文章论述的中心。来源:学科网
