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1、在德国，有关中小学生的交通安全问题属于地方管辖范围，联邦政府并不负责具体事务。各州相关规定和措施基本相同，让孩子在上学途中无担忧、无隐患是所有关心中小学生安全的人员与机构的共同心愿。无论中小学生步行、骑车、乘私家车、乘公交车还是乘坐大鼻子校车，都必须保证他们的安全。In Germany, about the primary and secondary school students belong to the scope of the jurisdiction of the local traffic safety problem, the federal government is not
2、responsible for the specific transaction. State related regulations and measures are basically the same, let the children at school on the way no worries, no worry is all concerned about security of personnel and institutions of primary and middle school students common wishes. Whether elementary an
3、d middle school students walk, bike, car, by bus or take the school bus, must ensure their safety.例如，巴伐利亚州早在上世纪 70 年代就通过了就学免费交通法 ，还专门制定了学生就学交通条例 。此外，巴伐利亚州内政部和教育文化部发布联合公告呼吁有关各方协调行动，共同保障中小学生的交通安全。Bavaria, for example, in the early 1970 s passed the school free traffic laws, is designed specifically fo
4、r the students to learn the traffic regulations. Moreover, Bavarias interior ministry and the education ministry of culture issued the joint statement called on relevant parties to coordinate action, jointly safeguard the traffic safety of primary and middle school students.运送有必要的学生上学和回家是德国学校经费提供者的任
5、务。对于国民学校和促进学校学生来说，该项任务的承担者多是乡镇和社区;对于就读其他类型学校的学生，该项任务的承担者就是学生家庭常驻地所在的县或者不辖县的市镇。Delivery of necessary for students to go to school and home is the task of the German school funds provider. For national schools and the promotion of students, the task is more considering the villages and towns and commu
6、nities; For other types of students of the school, the task is considering students family and HSBCs county or not XiaXian town.具体而言，根据法律规定，国民学校和促进学校、公立或国家承认的实科中学、完全中学、职业专科学校和经济学校及公立或国家承认的全日制职业学校的学生中，凡家庭所在地到最近学校的距离超过 2 公里的一至四年级学生、超过 3 公里的五至十年级学生都享有免费搭乘校车的权利。如果上学路途要经过极其困难和危险路段，还可以突破上述限制。Specifically,
7、 according to the laws and regulations, the national schools and promoting, public or national approbatory realschule, complete high school, vocational school and school of economics and public or state admitted to the full-time vocational school students, every family is located to the nearest scho
8、ol is more than 2 km one to grade four students, more than 3 kilometers in grade five to ten students shall have the right to a free ride on the school bus. If on the way to school is extremely difficult and dangerous road, also can break through the limit.为运送符合法定条件的中小学生上学和回家，任务承担机构首先要查看是否可以借助公共客运交通
9、来履行该项义务。如果没有公共交通线路连接学生家庭和学校，则要设置校车线路。为此，任务承担机构与当地客运公司签订协议，规定校车的行驶线路和每辆校车最多许可乘坐的人数。一般来说，校车只能乘坐该车行驶证上规定的人数，每个座位只能乘坐一名学生，且要使用安全带。For delivery in conformity with the statutory conditions of primary and middle school students go to school and go home, first to see whether they can bear the institution wi
10、th the help of a public passenger transport to fulfil the obligations. If there is no public transportation lines connected to family and school, students are to set up the school bus routes. For this purpose, the task for institutions signed an agreement with the local passenger transport company,
11、the motion of the provisions of the school bus lines and on the number of each school bus license. Generally speaking, the regulation on school bus can only ride in the vehicle registration number, each seat have to take a student, and want to use seat belts.在德国，校车被认为是运送中小学生最为安全可靠的交通工具，尽管有时也会发生交通事故，
12、但基本上都只发生在学生上下车时。之所以能有这么高的安全保障，在于各州政府的措施得当并能发动群众力量。例如，巴伐利亚州专门设置校车上下站、组织校车司机培训、加强警方对校车交通的管理和监督。特别是近几年来，该州教育机构和警方广泛征集义工，并为其组织培训、提供必要装备、购买保险，凡年满 13 岁的学生或成年人都可以应征，陪伴年幼学生乘坐校车、安排座位并及时制止调皮捣乱行为。据了解，目前在巴伐利亚州有23100 多名公民和学生从事就学交通协理或校车陪伴这一荣誉性工作。Transport in Germany, the bus is considered to be primary and middle
13、 school students is the most safe and reliable means of transportation, although sometimes happen traffic accident, but basically will only occur when students are getting on or off. Can have such a high security, is the state of the safety measures and can mobilize the public power. Bavaria, for ex
14、ample, set up and down the bus station, organize school bus driver training, strengthening the management and supervision of the school bus traffic police. Especially in recent years, the state education agencies and the police widely soliciting volunteers, as well as its organizational training, pr
15、ovide the necessary equipment, buy insurance, all students or adults over the age of 13 can apply, with young students ride the school bus, arrange seat and timely stop the naughty disruptive behavior. It is understood that at present in Bavaria has more than 23100 citizens and students engaged in s
16、chool work traffic assistant manager or the school bus with the honourable.为保证孩子出行安全，德国家长也需要承担一定责任，主要是帮助孩子学会正确乘车。乘坐幼儿园专用校车的儿童通常需要做到：Germany in order to ensure the safety of children, parents also need to bear some responsibility, mainly is to help children learn to ride. Children take the school bus usually need to do:不要在停驶车辆的前面或后面横过马路，需要等到客车驶离车站后，才能穿过马路。- dont stop across the street in the front or rear of the vehicle, needs to wait until after the bus left the station, to cros
