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1、汉英法律专业词汇（法理、法制史、宪法学）Jurisprudence, History of Legal Systems and Constitution法制教育 legal education; education of legal system法制史 legal history; history of legal system法治 rule of law法治的机制 the mechanism of rule of law法治的要素 the element of rule of law非实质的 immaterial非营利的 non-profit非约束性条款 permissive provisi
2、on废止法律 annulment of law分别管辖权 separate jurisdiction分别财产制 separation of property regime分别规定 separate provision分担责任 share the responsibility分工负责，互相配合，互相制约 divide responsibility for their own work; coordinate their efforts and check each other分工负责制 division of labor responsibility system分级管理 different l
3、evels holding different responsibilities分配制度 distribution system分析法理学 analytical jurisprudence否决权 power veto; veto power否认事实 denial of facts服从法律 amenable to law; subject to the law服从判决 accept a judgment符合程序 be in order符合法律 be in conformity with law符合宪法 constitutionality 符合宪法的法律 constitutional law符合原
4、则 be in conformity with the principle盖尤斯 Gaius概括裁定 general verdict概括继承 general succession干扰司法公正 interference with course of justice刚性条款 entrenched clause刚性宪法 rigid constitution岗位责任制 post responsibility system高等法院 high court; high court of justice高度集中 highly centralize高度民主 high level of democracy高度自治
5、权 high degree of autonomy高级法官 senior judge高级法院 superior court高级人民法院 Higher Peoples Court高级人民检察院 Higher Peoples Procuratortate搁置 set aside; abeyance格式条款 clause of style公认的行为准则 established standard of conduct规避法律 in fraud of law规避义务 evade obligations规范的法律规则 normative rule of law规范法学 normative jurispru
6、dence规范性法律文件 normalizative document of law规范性法律文件的规范化 normalization of normative legal document国际法 international law国际法学 international jurisprudence过错方 tort-feasor; wrongdoer过错推定原则 doctrine of presumption过错责任 liability for wrongs; tort liability海事法院 court of admiralty汉穆拉比法典 Code of Hammurabi合并条款 con
7、solidation of provisions合法的个人财产 legal personal property合法地位 legal status合法权益 the lawful rights and interests合法行为 lawful acts; legality of purpose合宪性 constitutionality衡平法 equity衡平法规则 rule of equity衡平法学 equity jurisprudence衡平法院 Court of Chancery (美)；Court of Equity （英）后法取代前法 A later statute takes away
8、 the effect of a prior one.后法优于前法 lex posterior derogat priori户籍所在地：the place where his residence is registered互为因果 reciprocal causation基本法 fundamental law基本法律规范 basic norm of law基本方针 basic policies基本权利和义务 basic rights and duties基本司法概念和假设 basic legal conception and assumption技术性法规 technical legal ru
9、le家庭法 family law建立法律关系 create legal relations教会法canon law教会法大全Corpus Juris Canonici教会法学家 decretalists解释法律的技术规则 technical rule of interpretation解释权 power of interpretation近因 immediate cause禁治产人 imbecile; interdicted person经常居住地：habitual residence经法律确认的 ascertained by law经法律许可 authorized by law经验法学 sc
10、holastic theories of law纠问式审判 trial by inspection or examination具有法律约束力的文件 legally binding instrument具有同等效力的 with equal authenticity具有约束力的判例 binding precedent绝对衡平法 absolute equity君主立宪制度 constitutional monarchy开罗会议 Cairo Conference凯恩斯主义 keynesianism可撤销的法律行为 revocable juristic act可让与性 alienability可用法律
11、强制执行的 enforceable at law可预见的 foreseeable可直接适用的法律 directly applicable law可追溯的 retrospective客观条件 objective condition客观因素 objective factor客体 object扩充解释 amplified interpretation理论法理学派 theoretical jurisprudence school理性决定说 theory of rational decision理性认识 conceptual knowledge历史法学 historical jurisprudence历
12、史法学派 historical school of law历史解释 historical interpretation立法机构 legislative body立法权 law-making power; legislative power立法委任权 legislation mandate立法效力 legislative effect立法议案 bills立法者 law-maker; legislator立宪 constitutionalism利益冲突 conflict of interests利害关系人 interested person连带法律关系 joint legal relations连
13、带责任 joint and several obligation论理解释 logical interpretation罗马法 Roman Law; Jus Romanum罗马法系 Roman-Law System罗马皇帝优士丁尼一世Justinian I罗马法理学 jurisprudential罗马法律汇编Roman Digest罗马法学派 school of Romanists罗马日耳曼法系 Roman-Germanic family罗马私法 Jus Privatum逻辑解释 logical interpretation马伯里诉麦迪逊案 Marbury vs. Madison马克思主义法律理
14、论 Marxism-leninism马克思主义法学 Marxist jurisprudence马克思主义法学家 Marxist jurist没有事实根据的 unsubstantial美国国际法协会 American Institute of International Law美国海事法庭 Admiralty Courts of the U.S.A.美国联邦地区法院 United States district courts美国联邦法官 federal judge没有法律依据的 lawless没有判决先例的案件 case of first impression民法大全Corpus Juris C
15、ivilis民法典 civil code民法法系 Civil-Law System民法通则： General Principles of the Civil Law民法学 science of civil law民事案件中“占有优势证据”的原则 “by a preponderance of evidence” in civil cases民事权利能力：the capacity for civil rights民事权益：civil rights and interests民事诉讼法学 Civil Procedure Law民事制裁 civil punishment; civil sanction
16、民政部门：the civil affairs department明代法规 laws and regulations of Ming Dynasty明示或默示的 express or implied默示表达 communication by implication拿破仑法典 The Code Napolean内部规章 internal regulations纳妾制 concubinage南京条约 (1843) Treaty of Nanking, 1843拟制理论 fiction theory拟制买卖 mancipatio欧洲大陆法 continental law偶然权利 contingent right偶然因果关系 fortuitous causal relationship偶然因素 accidentalia偶因 accidental cause排他的权利 right to exclude all others派生的权利 derived right派生取得 derivative acquisition判例法系 Ca
