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1、国内常用的教育类词汇翻译基本框架 basic framework 办学效益 efficiency in school management 协调发展 coordinated and balanced program of development 教育投入 input in education 优化教师队伍 optimize the teaching staff实行分区规划 practice regional planning 社会参与 communal participation 新增劳动力 incoming labor force 职前教育 pre-service education 岗位培
2、训 undergo job-specific training 提高.的思想品德 enhance the moral awareness of . 职业道德 professional ethics 重点学科 key disciplinary areas or priority fields of study （大学）专科 Major Types of Education in China short 2- to 3- year higher education programs扫盲班 literacy class 注册人数 enrollment 年龄段（层）age bracket 反复灌输 i
3、nculcate 希望工程 Project Hope 学龄儿童 school-ager 人才枯竭 exhaustion of human resources 辍/失学青少年 school dropout/leaver 基金会 foundation 服务性行业 service trade 在职培训 on-the-job/in-service training 国际劳工组织 International Labor Organization 基础科学 the fundamentals 学分制 the credit system 三学期制 the trimester system 双学士制 a dou
4、ble BA degree system 主副修制 a system of a major field of specialization plus a minor field 教学、科研、生产的三结合 3-in-1 combination involving teaching,research, and production 三结合联合体 tripartite complex 定向招生 students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers 包分配 guarantee job assignments 燎原计划 the
5、Prairie Fire Program 示范试点 demonstration pilot project 结合、使加入 incorporate 动员 mobilize 税收 tax revenue 多学科的 multi-disciplinary 重点大学 key university 授予（学士）confer 被授权 be authorized to do 博士后科研流动站 center for post-doctoral studies 专业 speciality 爱国人士 patriotic personage 国家发明奖 National Invention Prize 国家自然科学奖
6、 National Prize for Natural Sciences 国家科技进步奖 National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology 学术报告会，专题讨论会 symposium 记者招待会 press conference国家教委主任 Chairman of the State Education Commission 国家统计局 the State Statistical Bureau国家教育经费 national expenditure on education财政拨款 financial allocation 半文盲 sem
7、iliterate; functional illiterate 占百分比 account for .% 专任教师 full-time teacher 资料中心 data center 国际文化交流 intercultural communication教育方针 guideline(s)/guiding principle(s) for education 教育必须为社会主义现代化服务，必须同生产劳动相结合，培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。 Education must serve the needs of socialist modernization, be integrated wi
8、th productive labor, and train builders and successors who are well developed morally, intellectuall and physically. 适应社会主义现代化建设需要，面向二十一世纪，具有中国特色的社会主义教育体系。 a socialist education system with distince Chinese characteristics that meets the needs of socialist modernization and is oriented to the 21st c
9、entury坚持社会主义方向 to keep to the socialist orientation 身体好，学习好，工作好。Keep fit, study hard and work well. 德才兼备 to combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability成为有理想，有道德，有文化，守纪律的劳动者 to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, education and a sense of discipline 教育要面
10、向现代化，面向世界，面向未来 Gear educaiton to the needs of modernization, the world and the future 爱国主义教育 education in patrotisem 国际主义教育 education in internationalism 集体主义教育 education in collectivism 共产主义教育 education in communism 共产主义道德品质 communist ethics政治思想教育 political and ideological education 五爱（爱祖国、爱人民、爱劳动、
11、爱科学、爱护公物） Five Love: love the motherland, the people, labor, and science and take good care of public property.教书育人 to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge 培养独立分析问题和解决问题的能力 to cultivate the ability to analyze and solve concrete problems independently 启发学生独立思考的能力 to help develop the ab
12、ility of the students to think things out for themselves 培养学生自学能力 to foster the students ability to study on their own 发挥学生主动性、创造性 to give scope to the students initiative and creativeness 自学成才 to become educated through independent study 启发式 elicitation method (of teaching); heuristic method 填鸭式教学法
13、 cramming/forced-feeding method of teaching 普及教育 universal education 义务教育 compulsory education; free education 学前教育 preschool education 初等教育 elementary education中等教育 secondary education 高等教育 higher/tertiary education 普遍教育 general education成人教育 adult education 职业技术教育 vocational and technical educatio
14、n国家教育委员会 State Education Commission高等学校 institution of higher education 综合性大学 comprehensive university 文科大学 university of liberal arts文科院校 colleges of art 理工科大学 college/university of science and engineering 师范大学 normal university; teachers university 师范学院 teachers college 工业大学 polytechnical universi
15、ty 工业学院 engineering institute 农业大学 agricultural university农学院 agricultural college 医科大学 medical university 医学院 medical college/school中医院 institute of traditional Chinese medicine 音乐学院 conservatory of music 美术学院 academy of fine arts 体育学院 physical culture institute分校 branch school重点学校 key school 业余学校
16、spare-time school 业余职工大学 spare-time college for staff and workers 电视广播大学 television and radio broadcasting university函授学院 correspondence school教师进修学校 teachers college for vocational studies 成人夜校 night school for adults 业余艺术/体育学校 amateur arts/athletic school半工半读学校 part-work and part-study school中等专业学校 secondary specialized school; polytechnic school 中等技术学校 secondary technical school; technical secondary school职业学校 vocational school附中 attached middle school 在职进
