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1、I基于单片机的汽车智能照明系统的设计摘要随着科学技术的发展，人们对汽车行驶安全性的要求越来越高。照明系统是汽车主动安全重要组成部分之一，然而灯光光型单一且只能手动控制的传统照明系统存在的巨大的交通安全隐患已经无法跟上当前汽车安全性发展的趋势。因此如何让汽车传统照明系统更加智能化、消除存在的安全隐患，成为一个具有重大现实意义的课。本课题所研究的汽车自适应照明控制系统能够自动为车辆提供所处环境位置需要的灯光光型，为驾驶员提供良好的照明范围，减轻驾驶员的工作压力，减少交通事故，同时本系统与手动控制并联，不妨碍驾驶员对车灯的手动控制。本系统主要有弯道照明前照灯自动开闭、会车时灯光自动切换以及前照灯延时
2、关闭功能，可为驾驶员在不同的行驶环境下提供良好的照明，是汽车智能化照明的一个更加全面完善的设计方案。在现有的对汽车照明系统的控制技术的基础上，本课题提出了一种以弯道随动转弯车灯调整为基本功能的汽车智能照明系统控制方案。与以往的技术相比，本课题引入总线技术，使系统更符合汽车技术未来发展的方向。而且本方案是基于 AT89C51 单片机开发的低成本、低功耗系统，性价比更为出色。本文首先对汽车自适应照明系统的产生环境、国内外的发展现状和发展趋势做了简单的介绍，给出了系统的总体设计方案以及实现功能，并在此基础上详细阐述了系统工作的理论计算基础，然后根据系统的需求，在硬件部分，对微控制器和各实现功能的传感
3、器进行了选择，并给出了执行器部分的设计方案，包括步进电机的选型以及步进电机驱动芯片的选择，同时在详细介绍了总线功能及原理的基础上设计总线接口的硬件电路，包括总线控制器的选型、总线收发器的选择等在软件部分，给出了系统各功能模块的设计流程图和实现算法，并在编译环境中完成各功能模块的源代码编写。在论文的最后，对现阶段进行的研究工作进行了总结，并提出了许多尚待解决的问题，为今后系统的进一步完善提供了参考意见。关键词: 智能照明；单片机；信号采集设计IIAbstractWith the development of science and technology, people increasingly
4、high demands on driving safety. One of the lighting system is an important component of vehicle active safety, however light-light single and can only be manually controlled traditional lighting system, there is a huge hidden trouble of safety has been unable to keep up with the current development
5、trend of automobile safety. So how to make cars of traditional lighting system more intelligently, to eliminate security risks, as one of great practical significance. This study on the issue of vehicle Adaptive lighting control system is able to automatically provide the environment for the vehicle
6、 location need to be light-light, for a driver to provide good illumination range, alleviate the work pressure on drivers to reduce traffic accidents, at the same time this system with manual control in parallel, without prejudice to the drivers manual control of the lights. This system mainly has t
7、he curve to illuminate the head lamp automatic make and break, passes in traffic when the light automatic cut over as well as the head lamp time delay closure function, may provide the good illumination for the pilot under the different travel environment, is an automobile intellectualization illumi
8、nation more comprehensive consummation design proposal. In existing to automobile lighting system control technology foundation in, this topic proposed one kind take the curve follow-up curve headlight adjustment as the basic function automobile intelligence lighting system control plan. Compared wi
9、th the previous technology, the subject of the introduction of bus technology to make the system more in line with the direction of future development of automotive technology. The program is based on the AT89C51 MCU development of low-cost, low-power system, the cost is even betterThis article firs
10、t to the automobile auto-adapted lighting system production environment, the domestic and foreign development present situation and the trend of development has made the simple introduction, has given the system overall project design as well as the realization function, and in detail elaborated the
11、 system work theoretical calculation foundation in this foundation, Then the basis system demand, in the hardware part, has carried on the choice to the micro controller and each realization function sensor, and has given the actuator part design proposal, including step-by-steps the electrical mach
12、inery shaping as well as step-by-steps the motor-driven chip choice, simultaneously was introducing in detail the main line function and in the principle foundation designs the bus interface the hardware electric circuit, including the bus control unit shaping, the main line transceiver choice and s
13、o on in the software part, has given the system various functions module design flow chart and realizes the algorithm, and completes various functions module in the translation environment the source code compilation.In paper final, carried on the research work to the present stage to carry on the s
14、ummary, and proposed many Shang Dai solved the question, has provided the advisory opinion for the next system further consummation.Key words:singlechip；intelligent lighting；Design of signal collectionIII目录摘要.IAbstract. II 1 绪论.11.1 课题背景与意义.11.2 国内外发展状况及发展趋势.21.3 本课题的研究意义与目的.31.4 课题内容.32 控制系统总方案设计.4 2.1 系统的功能及工作原理.42.1.1 系统的基本功能.42.1.2 系统工作原理.42.2 系统硬件总体设计.42.3 单片机选择.52.3.1 AT89C51 简介.52.3.2 AT89C51 结构说明.63 控制系统的硬件设计.93.1 超声波测距设计.93.1.1 超声波测距原理.93.1.2 超声波测距仪原理框图.93.1.3 单片机实现测距原理.93.1.4 超声波发射电路.
