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1、 RC斜撑框架论文：采用 RC斜撑框架加固中小学砌体结构抗震性能研究【中文摘要】5.12 汶川地震后,造成了大量中小学砌体结构校舍的倒塌破坏。因此,对中小学砌体结构进行抗震加固来最大程度地减少未来可能的地震作用造成的生命和财产损失,已经成为当前政府工作的重要议题。论文针对按规范设计和施工的带悬挑走廊的三层中小学砌体结构的结构特点,提出了采用 RC斜撑框架加固的抗震加固方法。采用 ABAQUS有限元软件作为研究手段,进行了以下研究:(1)进行了 8个三层横向单榀砌体结构在低周往复循环加载条件下的非线性静力分析,从滞回曲线、骨架曲线、等效粘滞阻尼系数和拉裂损伤变化情况等进行了对比,证明该加固方法的
2、可行性。(2)进行了 6个纵向三层单榀砌体结构在低周往复循环加载条件下的非线性静力分析,从滞回曲线、骨架曲线、等效粘滞阻尼系数、强度退化和拉裂损伤应变情况等进行对比分析,进一步研究两种不同材料间的协同工作机理及抗震加固效果。(3)进行了加固前后 2个模型砌体结构分别在Lanzhou波和 Taft波罕遇地震作用下的弹塑性时程分析。重点分析了纵横向楼层位移时程曲线、基底剪力时程曲线和拉裂损伤应变情况。主要研究结论如下:(1)ABAQUS 通用有限元软件能够较好地模拟砌体结构的非线性分析;(2)加固后,RC 斜撑框架与原砌体之间能够形成良好的协同工作,可以发挥其新增构件的高刚度高承载力的优势,从而提
3、高结构的整体承载能力;(3)RC 斜撑框架对砌体墙起到了一定的 约束作用,提高了原结构的抗侧刚度,使得结构的侧向位移沿楼层高度变化较为均匀;(4)加固后,结构的屈强比有所增大,有效屈服段变短,反而不利于结构实现“大震不倒”的目标。此外,RC 斜撑框架加固方法不但对原结构采光通风影响小,而且不减少走廊重要逃生通道的尺寸,可以在后续中小学砌体结构的加固工程中推广应用,对新建结构的抗震设计也具有一定的借鉴意义。【英文摘要】Middle and primary school masonry structure were collapsed or damaged seriously. Therefore
4、, strengthening the existing masonry school buildings, thereby reducing losses of life and property to a minimum in case of an earthquake, has become one of the most important issues on the agenda of the government.In this study, a new strengthening method namely additional RC braced frame is mentio
5、ned for a typical middle and primary masonry building with cantilever corridor, which have been built commonly on the rule of the former seismic specifications. Based on the ABAQUS general finite element analysis, some researches have been committed as follows.(1)8 specimens of transverse three-stor
6、y one-bay masonry structure under low cyclic loading are raised to prove the capability of method, by comparisons of Hysteretic curves of the specimens, Skeleton curves of the specimens, Equivalent viscous damping ratios and Tensile damage variables.(2)6 specimens of longitudinal three-story one-bay
7、 masonry building under the low cyclic loading are conducted to further improve that the two materials can cooperate together well and improve its seismic behaviour, by the comparisons of Hysteretic curves of the specimens, Skeleton curves of the specimens, Equivalent viscous damping ratios, Strengt
8、h degradation and Tensile damage variables.(3)2 specimens of full scale masonry structure are simulated with elastoplastic time-history analysis under Lanzhou and Taft seismic wave respectively to confirm the reinforced effectiveness exact by comparisons of time history of lateral story displacement
9、, base shear force, tensile damage various and et al.Some conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) The non-linear analysis of the masonry structure can be applied to the ABAQUS general finite element software; (2) The additional RC brace frame could work well with the original masonry structure after r
10、etrofitted, and improve the whole loading capacity with its advantages of high rigid and bearing capacity; (3) The RC braced frame plays a role in certain constrains of the masonry wall to improve the rigid of the original structure, making the lateral story displacement to be more well distributed
11、along the height of the strucutre; (4) The structure increased the yield-to-strength ratio while shorter the effective yield stage, making a bad effects on the goal of“life-safety under the major earthquake”. In the meanwhile, the method does not lower the lightening and ventilation, nor narrower th
12、e escape way of corridor. Finally, the reinforced method could conduct the rest middle and primary seismic strengthening work, and also make a certain significant of seismic design of the newly built structures.【关键词】RC 斜撑框架 砌体结构 加固 抗震性能 有限元分析 体外加固【英文关键词】RC braced frame Masonry structure Strengthenin
13、g Seimic performance Finite analysis【目录】采用 RC斜撑框架加固中小学砌体结构抗震性能研究 摘要 4-6 Abstract 6-7 目录 8-10 第一章 绪论 10-24 1.1 课题研究背景及研究意义 10-12 1.2 砌体结构的一般震害特征 12 1.3 传统砌体结构加固方法概述 12-14 1.4 加固结构的受力特征 14-15 1.5 体外加固法 15-20 1.5.1 体外加固法概述 15-17 1.5.2 体外加固方法研究现状及存在的问题 17-20 （1） 研究现状 17-19 （2） 存在的问题 19-20 1.6 RC 斜撑框架加固砌
14、体结构的工作机理 20-21 1.7 论文的主要研究思路 21-22 1.8 论文的主要研究内容 22-24 第二章 ABAQUS 有限元软件简介及材料本构的确定 24-36 2.1 ABAQUS 有限元软件简介 24-27 2.2 接触定义 27-28 2.3 模型的建立及本构模型 28-34 2.3.1 钢筋 28-29 2.3.2 砌体 29-33 2.3.3 混凝土 33-34 2.4 砌体破坏准则概述 34-35 2.4.1 考虑受拉、受压破坏的破坏准则 34 2.4.2 考虑砂浆层的粘结破坏、砖开裂和节点破坏及砌体受压破坏的破坏准则 34-35 2.5 本章小结 35-36 第三章 RC 斜撑框架加固三层砌体横墙抗震性能研究 36-47 3.1 计算假定 36 3.2 单元的选取及试件的设置 36-37 3.3 FEM 模型的建立及加载方式 37-38
