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1、广 东 工 业 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文（ 工 程 硕 士 ）AOP 技术研究及其在软件开发中的应用二八年十一月A Dissertation Submitted to Guangdong University of Technology for the Degree of Master of EngineeringThe Research of Aspect-Oriented Technlogy and Application of Software DevelopmentMasters Degree.Candidate： Cai YanminSupervisor： Prof. Zhan
2、g LichenNov 2008School of Software EngineeringGaungdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou， Guangdong， P. R. China， 摘要I摘要软件工程的主要目标是改善软件质量，减少软件产品的成本，便于维护和进化。为了实现这些目标，软件工程师们不断寻找开发技术和方法，以减少软件的复杂度，提高可理解性和可重用性，同时促进演化。尽管在软件工程领域内已经有许多好的研究成果，但仍然存在一些问题使得软件工程复杂化。软件的易理解性会随着时间而降低，软件产品只具有有限的重用性，或重用起来很困难，在不同的制品之间的
3、可跟踪性也是受限的。目前的软件开发方法己经不能很好处理横切关注点的模块化问题，所以就导致面向方面编程 AOP（Aspect-Oriented Programming）和面向方面的软件开发方法 AOSD （Aspect-Oriented Software Development）的出现。面向方面编程是一种支持分离横切关注点的技术，表达了更高层次的抽象，能更有效地模块化系统的横切关注点。面向方面软件开发方法是贯穿于需求分析、系统分析、实现和测试全过程的面向软件开发的整体方法。本文将讨论 AOP 技术及其在软件开发过程中的应用。本文在借鉴国内外相关研究成果的基础上，重点研究基于用例的面向方面软件开发
4、方法，引入面向方面用例建模，介绍如何基于用例捕获关注点和实现关注点分离，还尝试将研究的内容应用一个远程教育系统中。本文主要要完成的工作如下：首先，本文将介绍了课题的研究背景、对面向方面的国内外研究现状进行总结和剖析，提出了本课题的主要研究内容。其次，介绍 AOP 技术发展、AOP 技术基本概念，同时介绍 AOP 程序开发的步骤，并对 AOP 技术及其支持工具的语言机制进行比较。接着，分析目前开发软件的方法及存在的不足，同时引入面向方面软件开发方法（AOSD） ，介绍其基本思想，提出一种基于用例的过程模型，介绍 AOSD的发展现状，还阐述 AOSD 的优点及存在的问题。然后，AOSD 建模研究，
5、介绍 UML 建模语言及其扩展机制，引入面向方面用例建模，介绍如何基于用例捕获关注点和实现关注点分离。最后是尝试将面向方面软件开发方法和相关技术引入到一个系统的开发过II程中，给出了一个应用的过程，特别是针对异常处理、日志管理和权限验证方面进行了分析。关键字：AOP，关注点，AOSD，UML建模语言，面向方面用例建模AbstractIIIAbstractThe major goal of Software Engineering is to improve software quality and reduce the cost of software products for the mai
6、ntenance and evolution. In order to achieve these goals，software engineers look for the developing technologies and methods constantly which can reduce the complexity of the software，improve intelligibility and reusability，promote evolution at the same time. Although the field of software engineerin
7、g has many good research results，but there are still some issues make software engineering complex. The softwares understanding reduces over time.Software products have only limited reusability and are very difficult to reuse. The traceability is also limited between different products. The current
8、method of software development has been unable to deal with cross-cutting concerns of the modular，so led to the aspect-oriented programming AOP （Aspect-Oriented Programming）and aspect-oriented software development method AOSD（Aspect-Oriented Software Development）appearance. Aspect-oriented programmi
9、ng is a technique for separation of cross-cutting concerns with expressess higher abstraction.It is more effective method to modulalize the cross-cutting concerns of software. Aspect-oriented software development method is a whole process that run through the requirement，software design，realization
10、and software testing.This article will discuss the AOP technology and its application of software development.Based on relevant studies in this field, this article primarily studies the use-case AOSD. At the same time, this article will introduce the UML Modeling Language and tell you how to capture
11、 concerns based on use case and achieve separation of concerns. And then make an application process using the studied methods and technologies.Main tasks of this chapter:First of all， this article will introduce the background of the research，sum up ，analyse the reasearch situation ，and put forward
12、 the major tasks of this research. 广东工业大学工程硕士学位论文IVSecondly， this article will introduce AOP technology development，AOP technology basic concepts，and will introduce AOP development s steps at the same time. The language mechanism of AOP technology will be analysed and compared deeply. Then，this arti
13、cle will analyse the shortcomings of current software development methods and put forward the aspect-oriented software development method （AOSD）. This article will introduce its basic idea. And I will put forward a use-case development model. And its developing situation，and its advantages and probl
14、ems will be introduced. Then， study the AOSD modeling.This chapter will introduce the UML Modeling Language， and its extented mechanism.Futhermore，capture concerns based on use case and achieve separation of concerns will be introduced.Finally，I will try to make an application process using aspect-o
15、riented software development methods and technologies. Analyse particularly aspects，such as the exception handling，log management and authority to verify.Keywords: AOP，Concerns，AOSD，UML Modeling language，aspect-oriented modeling with use cases目录V目录第一章 绪论 .11.1 选题背景和研究意义 .11.2 国内外研究状况的分析 .21.3 论文的组织 .3第二章 AOP 技术研究 .
