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1、1,MAXIMIZING OIL RECOVERY EFFICIENCY AND SEQUESTRATION OF CO2 WITH “NEXT GENERATION” CO2-EOR TECHNOLOGY,Prepared for:SPE Distinguished Lecturer TourPresented by:George J. Koperna, Jr., Vice PresidentPrepared by:Vello A. Kuuskraa, PresidentAdvanced Resources Internationalvkuuskraaadv- 2007-2008 Seaso
2、n,Todays Oil RecoveryEfficiency33%,Future OilRecoveryEfficiency60%+,Advanced Resources International,SPE DISTINGUISHED LECTURER SERIESis funded principallythrough a grant of theSPE FOUNDATIONThe Society gratefully acknowledgesthose companies that support the programby allowing their professionalsto
3、participate as Lecturers.And special thanks to The American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical,and Petroleum Engineers (AIME) for their contribution to the program.,3,We provide technical and strategic services to the international energy industry.,Since 1971, we have added value to hundreds of oil
4、and gas E&P projects in the U.S. and in over 30 countries, from Australia to Zimbabwe.Our approach integrates geology and geophysics, petroleum engineering, and strategic and economic analysis. We specialize in unconventional gas resources, enhanced oil recovery, and geological storage of CO2.,Our c
5、lients include:,Advanced Resources International,4,Background,Status and Outlook for U.S. CO2-EORMarket Demand for CO2 from the EOR Industry“Next Generation” CO2-EOR TechnologyIncreasing Oil Recovery EfficiencyIntegrating CO2EOR and CO2 Storage Summary,5,Large Volumes Of Oil Remain “Stranded” After
6、Primary/Secondary Oil Recovery,Original Oil In-Place (U.S.): 596 B Barrels*“Stranded” Oil In-Place (U.S.): 400 B Barrels*,Proved Reserves21 Billion Barrels,Future Challenge390 Billion Barrels,Cumulative Production175 Billion Barrels,*All U.S. domestic basins except Deep Water GOM.Source: Advanced Re
7、sources Intl. (2007),6,LaBargeGas Plant,Val VerdeGas Plants,Enid FertilizerPlant,JacksonDome,McElmo DomeSheep MountainBravo Dome,10,7,14,61,8,Dakota CoalGasificationPlant,Antrim GasPlant,2,1,1,U.S. CO2-EOR Activity,Currently,105 CO2-EOR projects provide 250,000 B/D Affordable natural CO2 launched CO
8、2-EOR activity in the 1980sFederal tax credits (Sec.43) and state severance tax relief still encourage CO2-EOR,Number of CO2-EOR ProjectsNatural CO2 SourceIndustrial CO2 SourceCO2 Pipeline,105,1,Source: Oil and Gas Journal, 2008.,7,Growth of CO2-EOR Production in the U.S.,Source: Oil and Gas Journal
9、, 2008.,8,CO2- EOR Activity Outside of the U.S.,Numerous hydrocarbon miscible and nitrogen EOR projects exist in Canada, Libya, UAE, Mexico and Venezuela that would be favorable and convert to CO2-EORIn addition, CO2-EOR has been discussed for oil fields in the North Sea.,9,Outlook For U.S. CO2-EOR,
10、Advanced Resources, Intl. recently updated their prior studies of U.S. CO2-EOR, assuming use of current “best practices” technology:,87 billion barrels of technically recoverable resource, with 2+ billion barrels already produced or placed into reserves.From 39 to 48 billion barrels of economically
11、recoverable resource: oil prices ranging from $50 to $100 per barrel, CO2 costs ranging from $35 to $60 per metric ton.,Previous version of the “basin studies” are available on the U.S. DOE web site. http:/www.fe.doe.gov/programs/oilgas/eor/Ten_Basin-Oriented_CO2-EOR_Assessments.html,Results are bas
12、ed on applying streamline reservoir simulation to 2,012 large oil reservoirs (74% of U.S. oil production).,10,U.S Oil Resources Technically and Economically Recoverable w/CO2-EOR,Billion Barrels,*Assuming oil price of $70/B (real); CO2 costs (delivered to field at pressure) of $45/metric ton ($2.38/
13、Mcf); investment hurdle rate (15%, real).,87.1,45.0,2.3,0,20,40,60,80,100,TechnicallyRecoverable,EconomicallyRecoverable*,AlreadyProduced/Proven,11,Market Demand for CO2 by the Enhanced Oil Recovery Industry(1),Million Metric Tons,*CO2 demand already being met by on-going CO2-EOR projects.*CO2 deman
14、d in Alaska for EOR.*CO2 demand that can be met by natural CO2 and already being captured CO2 emissions.(1) Economic CO2 market demand for EOR at oil price of $70/B (real), CO2 cost of $45/mt, and ROR of 15% (real, before tax).,Total U.S.CO2 Demand,Lower-48 DemandFrom Additional CaptureOf CO2 Emissi
15、ons,0,2,000,4,000,6,000,8,000,10,000,12,000,14,000,12,500,7,500,5,000,*,*,*,12,Sources of CO2 for EOR/Volume of CO2 Stored by EOR,13,Is There Potential for Higher Oil Recovery Efficiencies and Greater CO2 Demand from CO2-EOR?,Source: Three ExxonMobil Oil Fields, SPE 88770 (2004),Recovery Efficiency,
16、Time,80%,Salt Creek,Means,Jay,2003 Recovery,Jay:Deep, light oil reservoir under nitrogen (N2) EOR.Salt Creek:Representative light oil (39o API) West Texas carbonate oil field with 48% primary/secondary oil recovery.Means:3.Representative heavy oil (29o API) West Texas carbonate oil field with 25% primary/secondary oil recovery.,
