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1、Section ,Unit 4,语法讲座,写作讲座,考点精析,专题练习,佳作观摩,技法指导,专题练习,短语动词,短语动词是由动词和其他词类一起连用而构成的固定词组，相当于一个实义动词，表达一个完整的动词概念。有些短语动词相当于及物动词，有些相当于不及物动词。,一、短语动词常见的构成方式1动词副词该类短语动词分及物的和不及物的两类。Please put up your hand when you want to ask questions.你想问问题时，请举手。Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left.晚会后，人们都已离去，哈里
2、出现了。,点津(1)及物动词短语后的宾语为名词时，副词放在宾语前后皆可。但如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。(2)如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。It took firefighters three hours to put out the fire/put the fire out.消防人员花了3小时的时间才把火扑灭。She turned off all the lights which had been left on.她关掉了所有还亮着的灯。Hed like more time to think it over.他希望有更多的时间把这件事考虑周详。,考题印证1,(201
3、2辽宁高考)Rod loves _ clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again. Ataking apartBgiving awayCmaking up Dturning off解析：选 。考查动词短语辨析。take apart“拆开； 拆卸”；give away“赠送，泄露”；make up“编造；弥补；化妆”。根据句意“Rod喜欢拆卸钟表，然而，他从来都不能再重新装好”，故选A。,A,2动词介词该类短语动词相当于及物动词。动词与介词不能分开，宾语只能放在介词之后。Taking enough exercise co
4、ntributes to good health.进行足够的锻炼有助于身体健康。,考题印证2,(2011天津高考)She _ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.Aturned down Bdealt withCtook after Dcame across解析：选 。考查动词词组辨析。句意：昨天在商场购物的时候她偶然碰见她的一个老朋友。came across“(偶然)遇见，碰见”，符合句意。turn down“拒绝”；deal with“处理”；take after“照顾
5、”。,D,3动词副词介词How can you put up with all this for so long?你怎么能容忍这一切这么长时间？,考题印证3,31(2012江苏高考)OK, Ive had enough of it.I give up.You cant _ your responsibilities.Arun off with Brun up againstCrun out of Drun away from解析：选 。考查动词短语辨析。句意：“好了，我已经受够了，我放弃。”“你不能逃避你的责任。”run away from意为“逃离，逃避”，符合语境。,D,32(2011全国
6、卷)I can_the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean. Acome up with Bput up withCturn to Dstick to解析： 选 。考查动词短语辨析。 句意： 我可以容忍房间里不整齐， 但是我讨厌房间里脏。 put up with“ 容忍， 忍受”， 符合句意。 come up with “想出(办法)”；turn to “转向，求助于”；stick to“坚持”。,B,4动词名词介词Why doesnt she make use of her singing talent?为什么她不发挥她的歌唱
7、才能呢？,(2011浙江高考)The school isnt the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose Ill just have to _ it.Amake the best of Bget away fromCkeep an eye on Dcatch up with解析：选 。考查动词词组辨析。从语意“这所学校不是我原本真正想要读的，但既然来了，我将不得不好好利用它”可知，make the best of “好好利用”，符合语意。get away from“逃离”；keep an eye on “照看，留神”；catch up wit
8、h“赶上，跟上”。,A,点津“动词介词”“动词名词介词”“动词副词介词”，这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态，不可漏掉介词。Both old people and children were taken good care of there.那儿的老人和孩子都得到了很好的照顾。,二、常见重点短语动词1不同的动词后面加上相同的介词或副词使用频率较高的这类动词有：call, cut, come, go, get, look, put, set, turn, take, pay, pick, make等。常见的介词或副词有：in, off, out, up, down, away, with, o
9、n, over等。现将重点短语列举如下：,(1)“动词 away”型短语动词：throw away扔掉put away把收起carry away运走 run away逃离，跑开(2)“动词 down”型短语动词：go down倒下，下沉，下落 get down下车take down取下，写下 turn down调低(音量)，拒绝bring down使垮台，降低，减少 tear down拆除,(2011湖北高考)The government has taken measures to_the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable
10、.Atake down Bbring downChand down Dtear down解析： 选 。考查动词短语辨析。 句意： 政府已经采取措施降低日用品价格以保持市场稳定。 take down “写下， 拆除”； bring down“降低， 减少”； hand down“把 传下来”； tear down“拆除， 拆毁”。根据句意可知选B。,考题印证5,B,(3)“动词on”型短语动词：try on试穿put on穿上，上演have on穿着，戴着 hold on不挂断，坚持住，抓紧carry on继续开展，坚持 keep on继续go on继续 get on上(车),(4)“动词out
11、”型短语动词：come out出版 go out出去，熄灭hand out分发 pick out挑选，辨别出find out找出，发现 turn out生产，结果是work out计算出，锻炼 carry out实施，执行,(2011江西高考)You cant predict everything.Often things dont _as you expect.Arun out Bbreak outCwork out Dput out解析：选 。考查动词短语辨析。句意：你不可能预知一切，往往事情并不如你所愿。 run out “用完，耗尽”；break out“爆发”； work out“产
12、生结果，发展”；put out“熄灭”。 故选C。,考题印证6,C,(5)“动词over”型短语动词：hand over移交go over仔细检查，复习think over仔细考虑 look over检查turn over翻转,考题印证7,(2011四川高考)To get a better grade, you should _ the notes again before the test.Ago over Bget overCturn over Dtake over解析：选 。考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了获得好成绩，你应该在考试前好好复习这些笔记。go over“审查，复习，重温，从头到尾
13、检查一遍”； get over“越过，完成，克服(困难)，从(疾病、失望、震惊等)中恢复过来”； turn over“翻身，翻转，把移交”；take over“接管，接替”。,A,(6)“动词up”型短语动词：come up走近，升起，被提及cut up切碎turn up 出现，到场；开大；被发现make up虚构，补上，组成 take up占据，开始从事pick up捡起，(开车)接某人，偶然学会,考题印证8,(2012湖北高考)Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to _ his courage.Ahold up Bkeep upCset
14、 up Dtake up解析：选 。考查动词短语辨析。句意：独自在黑暗中行走，男孩吹口哨壮胆。keep up“维持；不使低落”，符合句意。hold up“举起”；set up“建立”；take up“拿起，开始从事，占据(时间、地方)”。,B,2同一个动词后面加上不同的介词或副词 常见的这类动词有：break，die，bring，call，cut，come，go，get，look，put，set，turn，take，pay，pick，make等。现将高考常考短语列举如下：,(1)“break介词/副词”型短语动词：break away from脱离，逃离，打破break down 出故障，失败
15、，拆毁，(身体)垮掉break into 闯入；强行进入break off 中断break out 爆发，发生break through 突破break up 解散，分解；结束,考题印证9,(2012陕西高考)He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the airconditioning system _.Abroke in Bbroke upCbroke out Dbroke down解析：选 。考查动词短语辨析。句意：他必须不时地停下来擦额头上的汗，因为空调坏了。break in“打断”； break up“结束；(使)分解”；break out “(战争、打斗等不愉快事件)突然发生；爆发”； break down“损坏； 发生故障”。,
