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1、英语复合句,根据结构分简单句并列句复合句 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句 状语从句,Please read the dialogues and recognize the functions of the Noun Clause,(A)Tom: What are you doing?Jack: Im thinking about what I should do?Tom: What do you mean?Jack: Ive got a message that my girl friend will come this afternoon. A party was hold her
2、e last night, so I must clean the room before she comes.Tom: Take it easy. Id like to help you. Tell me what I can do.Jack: Good guy. Its great that I have a friend like you.Tom: Then, lets begin.,名词性从句,名词性从句 noun clause,主语从句subject clause,宾语从句object clause,表语从句predicative clause,同位语从句appositive cla
3、use,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 。,1. That he will succeed is certain .2. Whether he will go there is not known .3. What he said is not true .4. Where he hid the money is to be found out .5. Whoever comes is welcome.,请思考？,主语从句是在复合句中作主语的从句。通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句末。主语从句引导词有:连词：that, whether, if; 代词：who(ev
4、er), what(ever) , which(ever), whom(ever)；副词：when(ever) ,where(ever), how(ever), why等.,主语从句,It 作形式主语,It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。That he is a famous singer is known to us.(It is known to us that he is a famous singer.)When he will go to America is not yet fixed.(It is not yet fixed when
5、he will go to America.),1.It + be + 形容词 that从句,It is necessary / important/ obvious that,2.It + be + -ed分词 that从句,It is believed that 人们相信It is known to us all that . 众所周知It has been decided that 已经决定,3.It + be + 名词 that从句,It is common knowledge that 是常识It is a surprise that . 令人惊奇的是It is a fact tha
6、t 事实是,4.It + 不及物动词 that从句,It appears that 似乎It happens that . 碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起,1).主语从句一律用陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓语在后. 例: 误: When will he come is not known.,2).连接词that在主语从句中无实际意义,但不能省略. 例: 误: He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.,正: When he will come is not known.,正: That he will n
7、ot come to the meeting this evening is true.,主语从句中语序与that的省略：,注意,主语从句中的“主谓一致”：,3).主语从句通常被看作一个整体, 主句的谓语动词用单数形式.,That they will come _certain.,4). What 引导主语从句时, 主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.,What he wants _these books.What he wants _some water.,注意,is,are,is,Translation,问题是我们是否可以信任他。我建议买台大电脑。她看起来要哭了。,The questi
8、on is,My suggestion is,He looked,表语从句,whether we can rely on him.,as if he was going to cry.,that we( should)buy a big computer.,请思考？,表语从句,表语从句是在复合句中作表语的从句，位于联系动词之后。一般结构是“主语连系动词表语从句”。可接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。另外，常用的还有the reason is that 和It is because 等结构。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样。,e.g.,The
9、 question is _ we can make good preparation in such a short time.This is _ we cant get the support of the people.But the fact remains _ we are behind the other classes.The reason _ he is late for school is _ he missed the early bus.,whether/how,why,that,why,that,1. I wondered _ you were so angry.2.
10、It all depends on _ they will support us .3. I cant imagine _made him act like that.4 . Im delighted _I have passed the exam.5. I find it necessary _ we should do the homework.,用适当的连接词填空,why,whether,what,that,that,宾语从句,请思考？,宾语从句,宾语从句是在复合句中作宾语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词相同。She did
11、not know what had happened. (作动词的宾语)Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. (作介词的宾语)I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake. (作形容词的宾语),It 作形式宾语,it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 We thought it good news that the fog had finally gone.We think it our d
12、uty that we should help others.I find it impossible that he can finish the work in two days.,Exercises,1.I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full A. it B. that C. these D. them 2. I feel _ strange that he should be so careless. A. / B. it C. that D. how 3. It worried her a bit _ her hair was
13、 turning grey. Awhile B. that Cif Dfor 4 Will you see to _ that the luggage is brought back? A. weB. yourselfC. itD. them,A,B,B,C,1、当主句动词是现在时或将来时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。I know (that) he studies English every day. I know (that) he studied English last term. I know (that) he will study English next year.
14、 I know (that) he has studied English since 1998.,宾语从句中的“时态呼应”,宾语从句中的 “否定转移”,若主句谓语动词为: think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。I dont think he will come here. I dont think the dress fits you well。,宾语从句一律用陈述句的语序。2) whether和if都可以引导宾语从句，
15、但: (1) 当whether后紧跟or not时, 不用if; 例: I dont know _I will stay or not. (2) 介词后面的宾语从句不能用if . 例: I worry about _ I hurt her feeling.,宾语从句注意事项,注意,whether,whether,3) 引导宾语从句的连词that也无实际意义,多数情况下可以省略。但部分情况不可省略。 (1).在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句中 (真正宾语) 的句型中不省略：We must make it clear that we mean what we say. (2).由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中, that 不省略.He told me that he would come and that he would come on time.,
