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1、定语从句,The Attributive Clause,定语从句,1) The man went to the town yesterday.,2)The old man went to the beautiful town .,4)The old man (who gave us a talk last month) went to the beautiful town (where he lived ten years ago).,3)The old man over there went to the beautiful town .,yesterday.,5)This is the b
2、ook (that you gave me yesterday),定语从句定义：在复合句中作定语，用来修饰主句中某一名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。它的作用相当于一个形容词，通常放在被修饰词的后面。,Do you know the man (who our teacher is talking to)?,定语从句,被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,关联词，即起联系作用又充当从句中的一个成分,定语从句的基本结构：,I helped a person (who was in trouble last Sunday).,先行词,关联词,定语从句,指出下列各句中的定语从句及其先行词：,1.Its unkind
3、to laugh at a person who was in trouble.,Its not kind to laugh at a person( who was in trouble),2.She brought light to the people whom she loved.,She brought light to the people( whom she loved.),3.The book that I bought yesterday is interesting,The book (that I bought yesterday )is interesting,5.Th
4、ey give the boy some of the fruit they had picked.,4.Once upon a time , there lived a girl whose father was a poor farmer.,Once upon a time , there lived a girl( whose father was a poor farmer).,6. They give the boy some of the fruit (they had picked.),1.Its not kind to laugh at a person who was in
5、trouble.,2.She brought light to the people whom she loved.,3.The book that I bought yesterday is interesting.,4.Once upon a time , there lived a girl whose father was a poor farmer.,5.We love the school where we study.,6He always comes at a time when we need help,7.The film which we saw last night w
6、as wonderful.,1.先行词是人,关联词用who (在定语从句中作主语）whom （在定语从句中作宾语）还可用that（可以省略）whose(在定语从句中作定语),1）I am the teacher who teaches you English.,2）The singer whom you want to see has already come.,关联词,3) Do you know the man that our teacher is talking to.,4) The girl whose skirt is white is my sister.,2. 先行词是物，引导
7、词用which或that,he pen which I want to buy is very expensive.,I really like the little dog that you gave me last year.,We love the school where we study.,A post office is a place where you can buy stamps and envelops.,3先行词是地点，引导词用where （在定语从句中作地点状语）,He always comes at a time when we need helpI still re
8、member the days when I lived in London.,4先行词是时间，引导词用when （在定语从句中作时间状语）,That is the reason why I cant agree.,5.先行词是原因，引导词用why （在定语从句中作原因状语）,注意:,关联词that, which在从句中做宾语时，经常被省略（特别是在口语和非正式文体中），whom也常被省略,1）. The lesson (that) he taught were not easily forgotten.,2）. The film (which )we saw last night was w
9、onderful.,3）. The man (whom) you want to meet has come.,关系代词that在从句中做介词的宾语，不能省略，而且介词不能放在关联词前面,The room that she lives in is a large one.,关系代词 whom， which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如：That was the room in which we had lived for ten years.,= That
10、 was the room which we had lived in for ten years.,.在定语从句中,以下情况常用that而不用which,1) 先行词是不定代词something, anything或被不定代词some ,any ,little ,a little, few ,a few修饰时.,例:Is there anything that I can do for you?,2) 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时.,例:This is the best book that Ive ever read.,3)先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时.,例:I can see
11、 the children and the tables that are in the house.,4)先行词有the very, the only ,the same等词修饰时.,例:Thats the only thing that we can do now,. 只能用which，不用that 的情况：,(2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如： The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.,1) 在非限制性定语从中。 例如： The meeting was put off, which was
12、 exactly what we wanted.,定语从句分为：限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句,限定性定语从句：是先行词必不可少的定语，如果把它去掉，则主句的意思就不完整或失去意义. 限定性定语从句的特点是，与主句的关系十分密切，书写时不用逗号割开People who are in the classroom are the students parents.,非限定性定语从句,非限定性定语从句: 是对先行词的附加说明，如果把它省列，也不影响主句的意思和完整性。这种句子和主句之间往往用逗号隔开。Miss Li ,who is from Beijing, is our English teac
13、her. She lives in the seventh floor ,where it is big and bright.,定语从句的基本结构：,I helped a person( who was in trouble last Sunday).,先行词,关联词,定语从句,先行词是人：,Who, whom, whose, that,先行词是物：,Which, that,先行词是原因：,先行词是时间：,先行词是地点：,where,when,why,Try to understand these sentences:,The boy who was here a minute ago is
14、 my younger brother. Beijing Hotel where the foreign visitors live is near Tian An Men Square. The woman whom you were talking about is here now. This is the hall where we listened to the report yesterday. The car which just passed us was going 90 miles an hour. I enjoyed reading the book you gave m
15、e last week. The subject I prefer is science.The man I spoke to is a professor.,单项填空,1. -Who is the man _ was talking to our English teacher? -Oh! Its Mr Baker, our maths teacher. A. he B. that C. whose D. which2. I hate the people _ dont help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. where3. The foreigner _ visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which5. This is the place _I have ever visited. A. there B. when C. where D. which,
