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1、,Marketing Leadership,Presented by:,Eden H.C. ChenSix Sigma AcademyCTI Group, USA,R&D Self-SupportsProcess Independently,Variation Reduction,Wastes Reduction,Six Sigma Strategies for Excellence,Six Sigma是一種經營管理理念，也是一套有系統的管理手法，目的是在定義的目標之下，追求最小的變異，獲得最大的獲利水準。 CTI集團陳憲章博士六標準差為一全面且具彈性的系統，可用於獲取、維持和擴大企業成功。六
2、標準差的趨動要素，在於洞悉顧客之需，嚴格使用事實、資料、統計分析，以及全力關注業務流程的管理、改善和創新。 The six sigma way,-Six Sigma is a management philosophy which search for the perfect without any significant variations based on the pre-set performance requirements.,- To define the requirements, finding out the undesirable outcomes (y) and asso
3、ciating it with the possible inputs is the concepts to avoid, if not 100% sure, eliminate the causes of variances in intent outputs. By doing so we can minimize the waste lean.,- Use best tools to achieve the goals of avoiding cause, detect failure, & compensate the effects,Six Sigma Basic Concept,T
4、ake a wild guess on what is the normal average mistakes by any given processed operation?,Supply Input Process Output Customer,供應者品質 輸 入 流程功能 產出要求 客戶滿意,i.e. KPIV,i.e. VOC, CTC,i.e. 可歸因的外在變異(Assignablecause),i.e. 一般內在因素變異 & KCC etc.,i.e. CTQ Spec. KPC, & etc.,SIPOC 的觀念,Input Process Output,首先看一看輸入與輸出
5、的關係,Output,Input,Y,X,如果結果只被一個輸入因素影響，則 1:1, such as Y= X.,套模零件尺寸,模具尺寸,Y,X,範例：在無外部噪音與內 部變因的完美狀況,擲一塊硬幣的機率,Distribution(分配) and Probability(機率),兩粒骰子的機率和出現次數頻率圖,0.18,0.16,0.14,0.12,0.10,0.08,0.06,0.04,0.02,0.,機率,出現次數1 2 3 4 5 6 5 4 3 2 1,mean,-1s,-3s,-2s,2s,3s,1s,68%,95%,99.7%,中心線與標準差,Output,Input,Y,X,然而
6、在很多條件情況下，結果是一個分佈,考慮噪因( noise)的情況,Output,Input,Y,X,Noise,好的產品,在實際的環境下,Output = Input,Y1 = X1Y1 = F(X1)Y1 = F(Xi)Y1 = F(Xi)Y1 = F(Xi)Yj = F(Xi), 有多少輸出變數？有多少輸入變數？ 那幾個是重要輸出變數？那幾個是重要輸入變數？ 將重要輸出變數與重要輸入變數連結,現實環境下的流程模式,Output,Y,Y = X1 + X2 + X3 + Xn結果就更複雜了,當不是只有一個輸入變數時,Input X1,Input X2,Input X3,Input Xn,工程
7、下規,集中點,工程上規,完美狀態.,工程規格與實際產出現象,幾乎完美,現實的世界,Spec. Limit+/- 1 +/- 2 +/- 3 +/- 4 +/- 5 +/- 6,Percent (%)30.2369.1393.3299.379099.9767099.999660,Possible Defective ppm6977003087006680062102333.4,分佈範圍與集中程度,企業經營成功的指標,投資報酬未來成長的體質客戶滿意度保固成本回收(Warranty pay-off (DPTP)生產力第一時間點的良率(1st Time yield and Quality)產業排比(I
8、ndustrial Rating),品質指標,允收水準(AQL/AOQL)SPC with estimated defective rate & trend製程(流程)能力指標Process Capability Index,1%不良的品質水準代表什麼意義？,每小時有20000郵件丟失每天有15分鐘飲用不淨水每周有5000手術錯誤主要機場每天至少有4次事故每年有200000藥物處方錯誤每月有七天停電,零缺點 - “Almost(幾乎)” 完美的流程設計,當你買一瓶藥，你是否期待每一顆都是好的?當你搭飛機，你是否期待每一次起飛與降落都成功?是否零缺點的觀念可以應用到你的流程上甚至產品上?,Six
9、 Sigma的目標:面對全球市場與競爭力 ，消除變異追求最大的獲利目標,不斷提高客戶滿意度持續測量提高制程能力降低不良品增加獲利 持續改善導致經營成功,Six Sigma 成功策略,過程內的數據資料引導決定,Y = S F(Xi ),流程內的各個輸出結果 = 各種機會,最終產品產出,將 F(Xi)作最大的發揮, 則就可控制 Y.,機 會？,即刻 短期 因應 (Reactive) 解決現在的問題 確實指出高風險的問題所在 (such as cost, reworks, scraps, & ect.)預見 長期 預應 (Proactive) 防止潛在的弱點造成問題 指出潛在的機會,Measure,
10、Analyze,Improve,Control,Characterization,Optimization within the system,Six Sigma 應用戰術- MAIC,Define/定義,掌握特性(Characterization),在體制內追求完美(Optimization),Control/管制,Improve/改進,Analyze/分析,Measure/衡量,Six Sigma 應用戰術- DMAIC,Define/定義,Control/管制,DESIGN/重新設計,Analyze/分析,Measure/衡量,掌握特性(Characterization),在體制外追求完
11、美(Optimization),Six Sigma 應用戰術- DMADV,Define定義,Validate/驗證,Incorporate/組成團隊執行之,Evaluate/評估,Optimize/自我調適,掌握特性(Characterization),自我調適(Optimize),驗證執行,Six Sigma 應用戰術- DEOVI,MAIC 現狀點的改善,6s,Measurement,Control,Improvement,Analysis,DMAIC 是在現有體制之下變革式的改善,6s,Measurement,Control,Improvement,Analysis,Define,DM
12、ADV 是打破體制的突破式變革,6s,Measurement,Validation,Design,Analysis,Define,DEOVI 是在最早的時間點上將事情有效率的完成,6s,Evaluate,Incorporate,Validate,Optimize,Define,Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control,1 Select Output CTQ or CTC 2 Define performance standards for response variable3Identify measurement system for input
13、and response variables4Establish process capability of response variable1Define improvement objectives2Identify all sources of variation in y (inputs = xi) 3 Screen sources for potential causes of variation in y & identify vital few x KPIV 1 Determine mathematical relationship between vital few xi2E
14、stablish operating tolerances for vital few xi 1 Validate measurement system for xi 2 Determine ability to control vital few xi3 Establish process control plan for vital few xi,Step,Focus,y,y,x & y,y,Vital Few xi,Vital Few xi,Phase,Measure,Analyze,Improve,Control,SUSTAIN,Define,1. Understand the needs, create the interval interest & motivation,x & y,2. Mapping the strategy,x & y,CTI Six Sigma 十三組工具,
