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1、Journal ofEnvironmental Science and Engineering B 2(2013)374-382 Formerly part of Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering，ISSN 1 934-8932 aLIsHIN Sustainable Energy Potential in the Egyptian Residential Sector George Bassili Hanna Housing and Building National Research Center,Cairo 12311，Eg
2、ypt Received：April 18，2013Accepted：June 15，2013Published：June 20，2013 Abstract：This paper presents an overview of sustainable energy investment potential in the Egyptian Residential Building sectorIt demonstrates an analysis of the problems that faces the residential sector，house hold consumption an
3、d overview of the building construction，energy and renovationThe paper summaries the Egyptian EE(energy efficiency)policies and measures and the possibility to uses and finance that face EE and RE(renewable energy)policies to overcome the Barriers to enhance the Egyptian economy specially in the res
4、idential sector Key words：Energy investment，residential buildings，energy efficiency，renewable energy 1IntrOductiOn The residential and commercial sectors are responsible for more than 50of the final energy consumption in EgyptThe total population of Egypt in 2013 is 853 million with close 65Egyptian
5、s living in Greater Cairo and the Nile Delta region Petroleum products subside is over 1 1 4 billion EGY (Egyptian Pounds)for 20 1 2 and estimated to raise 1 40 billion EGY and energy consumption could be more than double in 2030 and triple in the building sectorIt is estimated that around 70of exis
6、ting buildings in Egypt are in the informal sector and that over 50of new housing stock is built informallyThe role of the private sector in housing construction has become increasingly important(more than 97)，supplying around half of formal housing constructionThe remainder of formal construction i
7、s done by the GOE (Government of Egypt)With over 50of total energy consumed，electricity represents the largest source of energy consumption followed by natural gas and LPG(1iquefied petroleum gas)consumptionAs C0rrespOnding author：George Bassili Hanna，professor， research fields：building energy&green
8、 buildingsenergy simulation and building physics E-mail： gbhanna44yahootom highlighted，lighting(3 1 of total electricity consumption)，entertainment devices(1 5)and fridges(1 3)make up the largest components of residential electricity consumption1】，as shown in Fig1Electricity tariffs are heavily subs
9、idisedEgypt is facing electricity shortage and therefore focuses on EE(energy efficiency)and RE(renewable energy)A number of policies and measures aiming to improve EE have been implemented in EgyptThe main barrier lies in the lack of awareness and information of the public and operators ofthe value
10、 ofthese measures 2Materials 2 Overview ofResidential Sector The Egyptian building stock comprises about 1 2 million buildings60Of buildings are in the residential sectorieabout 72 million residentia1 There are 198 f188 in 20092010)million residential apartments2expected to reach 23 million1，3in the
11、 residential customers in 2030The energy consumption of the residential sector as share of total energy consumption was 188in 2010The role of the private sector in housing construction has become increasingly important(more than 97)，supp lying Sustainable Energy Potential in the Egyptian Residential
12、 Sector Fig1 Electricity consumed in residential sector by type subsidies around half of formal housing constructionThe remainder of formal construction is done by the GOE With over 50of total energy consumed，electricity represents the largest source of energy consumption followed by natural gas and
13、 LPG consumptionFig2 shows the electricity consumption by purpose of usage (GWh)The residential sector has the largest energy consumption because the most reported data are available for itThe results show that the total energy consumption in the sector increased by 63574 ktoe from 3，13 1 ktoe in 20
14、07 to 3,767 ktoe in 2009Of these 63574 ktoe are due to a change in structure，ie sift towards higher tiers of consumption；and a 5772 ktoe reduction is due to a change in intensity in the sub-sectors， ie a reduction in the average consumption per household in eachsector except 050 kWhmonth subsector4T
15、he mean household energy in the five subsectors covering from 50 kWhmonth to above 1，000 kWhmonth has decreased within each subsectorHowever，the average household consumption has increased because of the increased number of household in the higher consumption tiersThe total change in energy consumpt
16、ion as a result of this shift within sub-sectors is captured in the structural effectThe intensity effect captures the reduction in energy use because of the lower mean energy use per house-hold within the 375 5-higher consumption sub-sectors，and the increase in the mean energy use per household in the lowest consumption sectorThe energy consumption of the residential sector as share of total consumption
