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1、完形填空是对学生语言综合运用能力的考查。 它既考查学生的阅读理解的能力，又考查学生词汇应用 以及分析问题 ,解决问题的能力。做完形填空时应通篇 考虑,掌握大意，综合运用所学 词汇、语法及常识进行 判断推理 .做完型填空时要掌握相应的一些技巧：,1.仔细审题，明确大意.2.注意一些搭配和用法 3.“瞻前顾后，顾后瞻前”。4.考生要根据生活常识和相关知识确定选项。5.全文复读，融会贯通。,完形填空时注意四步(骤),第二步 速读全文，掌握大意。 速读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格、 生词或不明白的地方， 仍要快速读下去。 读时要注意找出关键词、中心词，划出某些代表人物和情节 的词以便于形成思路。要注意不
2、要在未掌握大意的基础上， 边阅读，边做题，这样速度慢、准确率低。,第一步:仔细审题，明确大意.重视首句，把握开篇。 完形填空一般无标题，首句一般不留空白， 做完型填空的时候在没看选项之前首先要通读全文 细读首句，可判断文章体裁，预测全文大意和主旨 (main idea)。,第三步 瞻前顾后，灵活答题。 “瞻前顾后”，即先读所填词的句子，回顾上一句,兼顾下句。 如果一句中有两个空白待填，在初定答案时要“双管齐下”，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，确定答案。 答题方法： 1）择优法：根据文章及结构边读边填， 如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐个考证其余答案。 2）排除法：如答案一时难以确定，可按
3、空格位置，从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选项逐项分析试填。 排除干扰项，从而确定正确答案。,第四步 复核全文，调整答案。 把填好的短文通读一遍，进行核查同时注意以下三点： 1.上下文的一致性：即时态语态的 一致；代词、名词 单复数的一致。 2.从语法和惯用法及习惯搭配、甚至 语感入手，看是否符合上下文的逻辑。 3.段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。 这次复核至关重要，常能纠正一两处甚 至多处错误。 同时对极难确定的答案，也要凭语感 任猜一个，决不可不选。,Methods Of Doing Cloze Test,一.skipping(跳读): Read throu
4、gh the whole passage without stop to get the general idea and make it clear how the writer arranges the passage.,The birthrate in Europe has been in a steady decrease since the 1960s. European countries, are providing great encouragement for parents to create more babies in the 21st century.,General
5、 idea:,The birthrate in Europe has been in a steady decrease since the 1960s. European countries, realizing crisis is at hand, are providing great encouragement for parents to create more babies in the 21st century.Affairs Ministry concluded last year that, 65 cash encouragement, some women just don
6、t want to be 66 holding the baby. “What we know is that its good for the 67 if men and women share the burden of having children,” says Soren Kindlund, family policy adviser at the Swedish ministry. 68 Swedish parents can take their paid leave as they wish, men use a mere 12% of it; 60% of fathers d
7、o not take even a (n) 69 day off work.,Experts fear that the tendency for women to use most of the parental leave could make employers 70 to give young women the permanent（永久的） jobs they need to qualify for paid maternity leave (产假). In January. Sweden decided to allow new fathers two months paid le
8、ave, with a warming: use it or 71 it. Kindlund admits that men are under 72 to stay at work, even though parental pay comes out of the public purse. “Its not popular among bosses and perhaps with other men in the workplace,” he says. “But its good for the father and for the child if they can 73 a re
9、lationship.” In Norway, a(n) 74 policy has worked wonders. 70% of dads in Norway now take parental leave, and the birthrate of 1.85 children per woman is one of the highest in Europe.,二. Pay particular attention to the first sentence of the passage while reading the passage.,Usually, the first sente
10、nce is the topic sentence of the whole passage, which contains much important information like “ when, where, why, who, what, etc.”,The birthrate in Europe has been in a steady decrease since the 1960s. European countries, realizing crisis is at hand, are providing great encouragement for parents to
11、 create more babies in the 21st century.Affairs Ministry concluded last year that, 65 cash encouragement, some women just dont want to be 66 holding the baby. “What we know is that its good for the 67 if men and women share the burden of having children,” says Soren Kindlund, family policy adviser a
12、t the Swedish ministry. 68 Swedish parents can take their paid leave as they wish, men use a mere 12% of it; 60% of fathers do not take even a (n) 69 day off work.,When:Where:What:Why:How:,since the 1960s; in the 21th century,in Europe,the birthrate decreases,providing great encouragement for creati
13、ng more babies,crisis is at hand,Topic sentence:,The birthrate has decreased and European countries are providing encouragement to create more babies.,三. It requires association (联想) while rereading the passage.,Youd better fancy(设想) what content should be in the blank ,according to the context(上下文）
14、, the logic and the situation. Then check or adjust(调整) the answer according to the options(选项).,根据上下文的逻辑关系，做完型填空题需要联想，随时设想所遇到空白中应该出现的内容，而后再以该题选项来验证自己的推测，作出调整或修正。在解题过程中，要做到瞻前顾后、左右平衡、贯通全篇。,For example（NMET95）:Washoe 56 like a human, too . The scientists keep her in a fully furnished （家具齐全的） house. 56
15、. A. live B. acts C. thinks D. plays,下文谈到的是Washoe的生活环境和生活习惯， 所以该句的意思应该是“Washoe生活得也象人类”.,四. Reread the whole passage and check the answers.,Some methods in common use完型填空的一些通用性的解题方法,一.non-nexus elimination methods (无关词排除法）:,The cloze test usually has a very clear and definite focus (中心主线)，the right o
16、ption (选项) is certain to be close to the theme(主题). So those non-nexus options could be eliminated（排除） easily.,For example:Affairs Ministry concluded last year that, in spite of65 cash encouragement(奖励), some women just dont want to be left 66 holding the baby. “What we know is that its good for the 67 if men and women share the burden of having children.”,
