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1、主谓一致,以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题,有些疾病的名称带有-s词尾，通常作单数用The measles（or mumps，rickets，smallpox，shingles）is a disease very common in this village表示游戏名称的名词通常作单数用Billiards（or Bowls，Dominos，Draughts）is my favorite game但：Cards are not interesting to me,以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题,有些学科的名称，虽以-s结尾，却都作单数；但若这类名词表示学科以外的其它意义，便可以做复数用
2、。My mathematics are poorThe economics of this country are stableSuch politics are foolishSuch tactics are ridiculous,以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题,某些以-s结尾的地理名称，如果是国名，尽管带有复数词尾，但系一政治实体，做单数用；但如不是国名，而是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称，通常作复数用。,集体名词作主语的主谓一致问题,有些有生命的集体名词，如cattle, police，people，youth, mankind, folk等做主语时，谓动常用复数。无生命的词，如
3、foliage(叶子），machinery(机械），merchandise(商品、货物）等做主语时，谓动用单数。还有一些集体名词如：audience, class, crew, committee, family, team, group, army, police等做主语时，如指一整体，谓动用单数；如指全体中的每一个成员，谓动则用复数。如果主语是由“a committee of”等+复数名词，随后的动词常用单数。,以并列结构作主语的主谓一致问题,1. 由and/bothand连接的并列结构作主语时，谓动一般用复数。 如果意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一概念时，谓动要用单数。,The sing
4、er and writer is famous to everyone.A pen and book is what I need.A needle(针）and thread(线）was found on the floor.,Other Examples,War and peace 战争与和平 ham and eggs火腿蛋 egg and rice 蛋炒饭 law and order 治安bread and butter奶油面包 folk and knife wheel and axle 轮轴 needle and thread一套针线love and hate loveandaffect
5、ion感情 acupandsaucer一套碟子茶杯 aimandend目的 truthandhonesty真诚 capacityandefficiency效能 ignoranceandnegligence玩忽无知 trialanderror试验摸索 timeandtide岁月 ironandsteel钢铁 thewearandtear磨损；消耗,2.当eachand each,everyand every,noand no,many aand many a.等结构做主语，谓语动词用单数形式。,以并列结构作主语的主谓一致问题, No man and no animal is to be foun
6、d on the moon. 在月球上没有发现人和动物。 Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work. 许多医生和护士都在忙于他们的工作。,以并列结构作主语的主谓一致问题,3. 由not onlybut also, eitheror, neithernor,or等连接的并列主语，谓动通常依据就近原则。,以并列结构作主语的主谓一致问题,4. 当主语后面跟有由as much as, rather than, more than, no less than等引导的从属结构时，随后的动词形式依据主语本身的单、复数形式而定。,以并列结构作
7、主语的主谓一致问题,5.当主语由 as well as, along with, together with, rather than, no less than, but, except, in addition to, like, including, besides等词连接时，其谓动的单复数形式通常由这些词语前的名词来决定。,以并列结构作主语的主谓一致问题,以并列结构作主语的主谓一致问题, An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, is to be built here. The professor, together
8、 with many of his students, is entering the meeting hall.,6. 一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰，表示两个不同的概念时，谓动应用复数。 Ancient(古代）and modern history are the subjects we are studying.但如果表示的是同一概念时，谓动应用单数The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14.The League secretary and monitor _ asked to make a speech at the meetin
9、g.A. isB. was C. are D. were答案B.,以并列结构作主语的主谓一致问题,不定代词做主语时的主谓一致,1.不定代词 each, another, the other, either, neither 和由some, any, no, every + one/thing/body 所构成的复合代词做主语时，谓动用单数形式。, Neither of us has gone through regular training. Nobody wants to go there. Something has been done to end the strike.,2. none
10、 of + 不可数名词谓语动词用单数形式；none of + 可数名词谓语动词单复均可，none 单独用，代表不可数名词，用单数；代表复数时，可单可复。,3. all 做主语表示人时，谓动用复数；若表物，谓动则用单数。, All is well that ends well. All are eager to reach an agreement.,表示“全体”、“部分”等意义的词做主语时的主谓一致（补充）,1. 当主语是 most, the rest, the last, the remainder 等时，谓动应依据of后宾语的单复数而定。,Three of us will go, the
11、rest are to stay here. After the big fire, the remainder is nothing.,2.当town, school, village等分别表示总称的“镇民”、“全体师生”、“村民”时，谓动用单复数均可。有时其前可用the或the whole修饰。,The whole school were/was sorry when she left.The whole town is/are in agreement about the plan.,“the+形容词/过去分词做主语的主谓一致,“the+形容词/过去分词”表示一类人或事物时，谓动用复数；
12、若指某一抽象概念或个别人、事，则用单数。,The sick here are very well cared for.The true is to be told from the false.,the number of做主语时，谓动用单数；a number of做主语时，谓动用复数。,The number of mistakes is surprising.A number of books are missing from the library.,补充,1. 肯定 + 否定 + V. (如果主语是由肯定与否定组合时，动词 与肯定主语一致。) e.g. It is I, not you,
13、 who am wrong. = It is I who am wrong, not you.2. 地点副词（短语）+ V. + 主语 （此为倒装句型） e.g. Among the guests was standing John. = John was standing among the guests.,1.以who, why, how, whether或that引导的从句做主语时，谓动用单数。,Why she did this is not known.,名词性分句作主语时的主谓一致,2. and连接的两个名词性从句做主语，如表示两件事情，则谓动用复数。,What caused the
14、 accident and who was responsible for it remain a mystery to us.,名词性分句作主语时的主谓一致,3. 在以what从句作主语的”主系表“结构中，主句的谓动要以表语名词的单复数而定。 What caused the accident is a complete mystery. What his father left him are a few English books.4.在what从句所引导的”主系表“结构中，若从句中具有两个以上的动词，主句中谓动应用复数。 What I say and think are none of
15、your business.,名词性分句作主语时的主谓一致,5. 如果what-分句本身明显表示复数意义，比如what-分句的动词和补语都是复数，那么主句动词也可用复数。6. 由how and why, when and where引导的从句做主语时，谓动仍用单数。 When and where we will have the meeting has not been decided.,非限定分句作主语的主谓一致问题,1. 动词不定式、-ing分词形式做主语，谓动用单数。 To learn English well is difficult.2.以两个由 and连接的并列非限定分句做主语，如
16、表示两件事情，谓动用复数；如果指的是一件事，动词用单数。 Reading three classical novels and making some social investigations are assignments for the students during the holiday.,定语从句中的主谓一致问题,定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式通常依照先行词的形式而定。先行词 + which + V. (动词与先行词一致) thate.g. I, who am your friend, should help you.e.g. I will employ a boy who understands English.,
