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1、名词性从句,1.When we will start is not clear.2.Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief.3. My idea is that we should do it right now.4.I had no idea that you were her friend.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,I 名词性从句的种类,The news that our team has won the match is true.His delay is due to the fact that t
2、he car broke down halfway.,同位语从句,同位语从句一般跟在名词fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, answer, doubt, hope, law, knowledge,opinion, suggestion information, plan, 后面, 用以说明或解释前面的名词的具体内容.,2. 在have no idea 之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.,I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no i
3、dea what he did.,注: 1. that 引导同位语从句与that 引导定语从句的区别: 引导同位语从句的that 无实际意义, 不作从句的任何成分, 而引导定语从句的that 从句的某个成分.,He told me the news that our team won the match.He told me the news that was very exciting.We are interested in the news that some foreigners would visit our school.We are interested in the news
4、that he told us.,语序问题,1.The photographs will show you _ （MET89） A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,规律一：名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序,在名词性从句中，关联词在从句之首，其它部分应用_的语序。,陈述句,2.He asked_for a violin.（MET92） A. did I pay how much
5、 B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid,规律二：1.从句是陈述句转化而来的，不缺成分，不含有疑问意义。由that 引导且that连词在从句中不作成分,主语从句,同谓语从句,表语从句that不可以省略,在宾语从句中that 常可省略That he will come and help us is certain.John said (that) he would attend the meeting.The trouble is that I have forgotten her name.,2.从句是由一般疑问句
6、转化而来，含有疑问意义,不缺成分。由whether，if 引导. I worry about whether/if he can pass the exam. The question is whether it is worth doing.,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1. If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.2. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it.3. The question is if he himself will be presen
7、t at the meeting.4. He asked me if I could go with him or not.,Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.,It depends on whether the weather is .,The question is whether he himself will be present .,He asked me whether I could go with him or not.,规律三： whether和if的区别：,主语从句只能用whether,表语从句中只能
8、用whether,宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时用whether,后面跟or(not)或to do连用时用 whether,3.从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义的,缺成分的。由wh-连词或how引导在从句中作成分。连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。Who will go makes no difference.That is where he was born.Tel
9、l me what he said.,特殊情况：1.在seem, appear后的表语从句中可接that引导的从句, 而look则不可.2. 这三个词后都可用as if / as though 引导从句.It seems / appears that he was late for the train yesterday.It seems / appears / looks as if we have to go home on foot.,II引导词的选择,1. _ we cant get seems better than _we have. A.What , what B. What ,
10、 that C. That , that D. That , what,2. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. Awhile Bthat Cif Dfor,3.What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon Awhen Bhow Cwhether Dwhy,4 made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitte
11、d to key universities. AWhatbecause BWhatthat CThatwhatDThatbecause,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting.3. Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in s
12、uch a short time. 4. It doesnt matter that you will come or not.,it,it,that,whether,规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助 “it” 而后置。,1.主语从句可以用it （作形式主语） 来替换成以下几种结构表达。(A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/ adj. that It is certain that he will come to see me. (B)It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder/ n. that . It is
13、 a shame that he didnt pass the exam.,（C）It is said/reported/ believed/ known/ thought/suggested that It is said that Brazil will win in the World Cup. （D）It seems/happens thatIt seems that he has finished his homework.,2.宾语从句可以用it（作形式宾语） 来替换的句型为：主语谓语itadj./n.从句如： I think it necessary that we have t
14、he meeting,He will believe whatever others say. （不能用no matter what代替whatever） Whatever others say, he will believe it.（可以用no matter what代替whatever）,规律五：whatever, whichever, whoever, whenever, wherever, however 等与 no matter what, no matter which, no matter who, no matter when, no matter where, no mat
15、ter how 的区别:前者既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而 no matter 加疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。,1. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who,2. _ much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do. A. How B. Whatever C. However D. No matter,3. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever,
