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1、摘要摘 要在能源枯竭与环境污染问题日益严重的今天，新能源的开发利用逐渐受到重视，太阳能以其清洁环保、蕴藏丰富等优点得到了开发利用。光伏发电技术也得到了快速发展，被认为是当前世界上最具有发展前景的新能源技术。而光伏逆变器作为太阳能发电利用中主要的能量变换装置，是目前研究和发展的热点。同时，由于逆变器并联运行可实现大容量和冗余供电，提高了供电系统的灵活性和可靠性，因此逆变器并联系统得到越来越广泛的应用，随着数字技术的发展，逆变器并联技术已成为当前的热点研究和应用方向。首先文章介绍了单相全桥逆变器及其控制方法，分析了单相全桥逆变器的工作原理，建立了SPWM逆变电源的数学模型：在此基础上，介绍了基于单
2、相全桥逆变器电压外环、电感电流内环的双闭环控制方法，推导了逆变器的闭环传递函数，并对逆变器的闭环特性进行了研究。最后，仿真研究了电压外环、电感电流内环双环控制单相逆变器的稳态和瞬态特性。其次文章根据逆变器并联系统等效模型，介绍了并联系统运行原理以及系统环流产生原因，指出影响系统环流的三要素：输出电压的相位、幅值和频率，要实现逆变器的并联，以上三个条件均要严格一致。在此基础上，文章对并联系统中有功功率和无功功率特性进行了详细分析，并结合前文对环流特性的分析，提出了抑制并联系统环流的最佳方法和本文研究重点：基于下垂特性理论的无互联线并联系统控制方法；并介绍了下垂特性并联控制策略，即通过对输出有功功
3、率的调节，控制输出电压的频率，通过对输出无功功率的调节，控制系统输出电压幅值，来实现并联系统的均流。最后文章对本设计系统整体框图做了详细介绍，系统主要由DcDc，DCAC两个主要模块组成，前级完成直流升压，后级采用全桥拓扑完成逆变；并以两台单相全桥逆变器为例，结合功率下垂特性理论和DSP中计算功率的方法建立了逆变器无互联线并联系统的仿真模型，实验验证了所用下垂特性并联控制方法的有效性并对实验所得数据做了理论分析和总结。关键字：光伏：逆变器；并联；无互联线广东工业大学硕士论文AbstractNowadays，on account of the problems of environment pu
4、llution and exhaustion ofenergy sources becoming worse and worse，Developing and using new energy sourcesbecoming more and more important，and solar energy has been gradually used because of itsadvantages such as clearnessenrichment etcPV generation has made great strides in worldwide，which is thought
5、 to be the most developed renewable sourcePV supply is oneimportant part for present research and development，which Wills main supply converterequipment in the utilization of solar energyParallel operation of multi-inverters provides agood way to increase the capability and redundant operation，which
6、 makes the paralleloperation of inverters more and more widely usedIn addition，with fast development ofdigital power converter technique，Inverter digital control technique and parallel operationtechnique of inverter have attracted much attentionFirstly，single-phase full-bridge inverter and ite contr
7、ol method hace been studied in thispaperThe operation principle of single-phase full-bridge inverter ban been analyzedThemathematical model of SPWM inverter is established and the reasons for the output voltagewaveform distortion a他researchedBased on whichtransfer function of single-phasefull-bridge
8、 inverter is derived based on doubleclosed-loop control，consistaing of outervoltage loop and inner inductor current loop，and characteristics of the closed-loop inverterwere studied,Finally，steady state and transient characteristics of double closed-loopcontrolled singlephase full-bridge inverter are
9、 researched by simulationSecondly，the paper introduced the principle of parallel inverter and the main factors tOlead tO circulating through the equivalent model of paralleled inverterThen point out three elements that affect the system circulation：the phase，amplitude andfrequency of system output v
10、oltageIn order to realize the parallel operation,the above threeconditions a陀strictly to accordanceOn this basisthe characteristic of active power andreactive power is detailed analyzedThe method which can restrain loop current and researchfocus that no inter-link parallel system control method base
11、d on the droop theory of thispaper are proposed in this paper according to the analysis of loop-current between parallelnunitsThen introduced the parallel control strategy based on droop theory,that is，adj ustingthe active power by adjusting the frequency of the output voltage and刎usting the reactiv
12、epower by adj usting the amplitude of output voltageAt last，the overall system block diagram of the paper is made a detailed descriptionThesystem is mainly composed of the two main modules DCDC and DCACThe systemcomplete the directcurrent boost through DCDC module and complete the direct。current toa
13、lternating current inverter through DCAC moduleThen take the two singlephasefull-bridge inverter for example，combining the power droop theory and the active power andreactive power subsystem model of the inverter unit is established according to the methodused in digital signal processor(DSP)Verifie
14、d the effectiveness of the droop characteristicsof parallel control method by experiments and analysed the experimental dataKey words：PV；inverter；parallel；without control interconnectionIII：C：广东工业大学硕士学位论文摘要。目 录Abstract目 录Contents第一章绪论IU。IVVIII11课题背景介绍l12太阳能利用及其光伏发电系统介绍3121国内外太阳能利用现状41211国外太阳能利用现状41212国内太阳能利用现状4122光伏发电系统介绍613光伏逆变技术发展概况8131逆变器的定义及分类8132逆变并联技术的发展概况914本课题研究的主要内容11第二章单极性光伏逆变电源技术研究 1321引言1 322 PWM调制的基本原理1323 PWM逆变电路及其控制方法14231单极性正弦脉宽调制15232双极性正弦脉宽调制1624单相SPWM逆变电源模型分析及控制方法l 725输出滤波器设计19251滤波电容的设计19IV目录252滤波电感的设
