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1、精品PPT课件 浏览免费 下载后可以编辑修改。http:/ Arteries动脉,山东大学医学院 解剖教研室,The Arteries动脉,CharacteristicsSymmetry 对称In the trunk of the body consist parietal and visceral branches 壁支和脏支Shortest possible courseRun on flexor surfacesUsually do not pass directly through muscles, avoiding compressionTogether with the veins
2、 and nerves in a sheath of fascia to form neurovascular bundle 血管神经束,Pulmonary trunk 肺动脉干,Arises from right ventricle Runs up, back ,and to the leftBifurcates inferior to aortic arch into right and left pulmonary arteries, one for each lung,Arterial ligament 动脉韧带,Remnant of ductus arteriosusA fibrou
3、s band that connects bifurcation of pulmonary trunk with inferior border of aortic arch,Pulmonary Artery,Aorta,Patent Ductus Arteriosus,Arteries of systemic circulation 体循环的动脉, Aorta 主动脉,Ascending aorta 升主动脉,Aortic arch 主动脉弓,T4下缘,Descending aorta 降主动脉,L4下缘,Common iliac a. 髂总动脉,Level of second right
4、sternocostal joint,Aorta 主动脉,Ascending aorta 升主动脉Arises from left ventricle Runs upward, forward and to the rightExtends to level of second right sternocostal jointBranches: right and left coronary arteries,Aorta 主动脉,Aortic arch 主动脉弓Continuation of ascending aortaCurves upward, to the left and poste
5、riorly, then downward, arching over left principal bronchus and pulmonary trunk to lower border of T4 level, to become descending aortaBranches (from right to left )Brachiocephalic trunkLeft common carotid arteryLeft subclavian arteryAortic glomerachemoreceptor,Aorta 主动脉,Descending aorta 降主动脉Thoraci
6、c aorta 胸主动脉Abdominal aorta 腹主动脉, Common carotid a. 颈总动脉,Origin (arises from)Brachiocephalic trunk on the right Aortic arch on the leftAscends in neck to upper border of thyroid cartilage; bifurcates into internal and external carotid arteries, Common carotid a. 颈总动脉, Carotid sinus 颈动脉窦(baroreceptor
7、), located at a localizes dilation of terminal part of common carotid artery or beginning of internal carotid artery, sensitive to blood pressure changes Carotid glomus 颈动脉小球 (chemoreceptor), lies posterior to the point of bifurcation of common carotid artery, senses changes in blood carbon dioxide
8、(oxygen) levels, Common carotid a. 颈总动脉, External carotid artery 颈外动脉Superior thyroid a. 甲状腺上动脉 descends to supply upper pole of thyroid gland and larynxLingual a. 舌动脉Facial a. 面动脉Occipital a. 枕动脉Posterior auricular a. 耳后动脉Maxillary a. 上颌动脉Superficial temporal a. 颞浅动脉, Subclavian artery 锁骨下动脉,Origin
9、 (arises from)Brachiocephalic trunk on rightAortic arch on leftEnd: becomes axillary artery at lateral border of first ribBranchesVertebral a. 椎动脉Internal thoracic a. 胸廓内动脉Thyrocervical trunk 甲状颈干Inferior thyroid artery 甲状腺下动脉Superascapular a. 肩胛上动脉Costocervical trunk 肋颈干,Axillary artery 腋动脉,Continu
10、ation of subclavian artery at lateral border of first ribBecomes brachial artery at lower border of teres majorDivided into three parts by overlying pectoralis minor,Axillary artery 腋动脉,First portion, above muscleThoracoacromial a. 胸肩峰动脉Second portion, behind muscleLateral thoracic a. 胸外侧动脉Third por
11、tion, below muscleAnterior humeral circumflex a. 旋肱前动脉Posterior humeral circumflex a. 旋肱后动脉Subscapular a. 肩胛下动脉,Throcodorsal a. 胸背动脉 Circumflex scapular a. 旋肩胛动脉,Brachial artery 肱动脉,Continuation of axillary arteryDivides into radial and ulnar arteries at level of neck of radiusBranches Deep brachial
12、 a. 肱深动脉 Superior ulnar collaeral a. 尺侧上副动脉Inferior ulnar collateral a. 尺侧下副动脉,Radial artery & Ulnar artery 桡动脉、尺动脉,Radial artery 桡动脉Superfical palmar branch 掌浅支Principal artery of thumb 拇主要动脉Ulnar artery 尺动脉Common interosseous artery 骨间总动脉Anterior interossous a. 骨间前动脉Posterior interosseous a. 骨间后动脉
13、Deep palmar branch 掌深支,Superficial palmar arch 掌浅弓,Formed by ulnar artery and superficial palmar branch of radial arteryThe curve of arch lies across the palm, level with the distal border of fully extended thumb Gives rise to three common palmar digital arteries each then divides into two proper pa
14、lmar digital arteries,Deep palmar arch 掌深弓,Formed by radial artery and deep palmar branch of ulnar arteryThe curve of arch lies across upper part of palmar at level with proximal border of extended thumbGives rise to three palmar metacarpal arteries,Thoracic aorta 胸主动脉,Course Continuation of aortic
15、arch at lower border of T4Passes through aortic hiatus of diaphragm at level of T12 vertebra to enter abdominal cavityMain branches Parietal branchesPosterior intercostals arteries 肋间后动脉subcostal artery 肋下动脉 Superior phrenic arteries 膈上动脉 Visceral branchesBronchial branches Esophageal branchesPericardial branches,Abdominal aorta 腹主动脉,Continuation of thoracic aorta at aortic hiatus of diaphragm in front of T12 Terminates at lower border of L4 vertebra by dividing into right and left common iliac arteries,
