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1、摘 要能源与环境是当今人类生存和发展所要解决的紧迫问题。风能因具有可再生、无污染等优点，正受到世界各国的重视。高效而可靠的风力发电系统的研究与开发已成为能源技术领域的热点和难点。由于风能具有能量密度低、随机性和不稳定等特点，对风力发电机组尤其是大型风电机组控制技术的深入研究具有十分重要的现实意义。本文以国产 1.5MW 风力发电机组为依托，对大型风力发电机组变桨距控制技术进行了较深入的研究。本文首先分析了风力发电机组的总体结构和变桨距控制原理，并对机组变桨距的两种实现方式：液压驱动变桨系统和电动变桨系统进行了分析和比较，根据本课题风力发电机组的特点选用电动变桨距系统；参考国内外的相关资料，提出
2、一种独立变桨的电动变桨距系统的总体方案，主要包括变桨系统总体结构和伺服电动机控制策略的规划；然后针对 TD70s 双馈风力发电机组具体设计了变桨距控制系统，并通过 Profibus-DP 现场总线实现了与主控系统的通信。最后，针对风力发电系统多变量、强非线性等特点，本文设计了一种应用于变桨距控制的模糊 PID 参数自整定功率控制器，并将模糊 PID 控制算法以外部控制器的形式加入到风电机组的变桨距控制模型中，通过在风机专业仿真软件 GH Bladed 中的仿真运行，得到了机组的桨距角、风轮转速和输出功率的仿真曲线，验证了设计方案的可行性。关键词：风力发电机组变桨距控制伺服控制Profibus
3、模糊 PIDABSTRACTEnergy and environment are the urgent problem which the human survival and the development must solve now. Wind energy is being attached great importance to all over the world because of its advantages, renewability and non-polluting etc. Research and development of wind power system h
4、as been hot and difficult in energy technology field. Since wind energy has the characteristics of lower density, random, instability and so on, it is of great realistic significance to make a deep study in control technology of wind turbines especially in large scale sets. Based on the domestic 1.5
5、 megawatt wind turbine, the pitch control techniques for large scale wind turbine are deeply analyzed in this thesis.First, the general structure of wind turbine and the pitch control principle is investigated. The electric pitch is chosen based on the characteristic of the wind turbine after the co
6、mpare of two kinds of pitch realizing ways, hydromantic pitch and electric pitch. Referring to related information at home and abroad, a general design of individual electric pitch system is proposed, including the general structure of pitch system and the control method of pitch servo motor. Then,
7、the pitch control system is designed and the communication with master system by Profibus-DP is completed for TD70s double-fed wind turbine. At last, for the multivariable and strong nonlinear characteristics of wind turbine, a fuzzy PID power controller based on self-tuning parameters is designed a
8、nd the fuzzy PID control arithmetic is included in the pitch control model of external controller. By the simulation of the wind turbine in GH Bladed, the curves of pitch angle, rotor speed and electrical power are received, which validate the feasibility of the design.Key Word：wind turbine, pitch c
9、ontrol, servo control, Profibus, fuzzy PID目 录中文摘要ABSTRACT第一章 绪 论 .11.1 风力发电概述 .11.2 风力发电技术发展趋势 .21.3 课题的背景及意义 .31.4 课题主要研究内容 .4第二章 风力发电机组变桨距系统概述 .62.1 风力发电机组总体结构 .62.1.1 机械结构 .62.1.2 控制系统 .82.2 变桨距控制原理 .102.3 变桨距系统执行机构 .122.3.1 液压驱动变桨距机构 .122.3.2 电动变桨距机构 .132.4 本章小结 .13第三章 变桨距系统总体设计 .143.1 伺服系统 .143.2 变桨距系统总体设计 .173.2.1 执行机构设计 .173.2.2 电气结构布局 .183.3 伺服电动机控制策略规划 .193.4 本章小结 .24第四章 变桨距控制系统设计 .254.1 硬件总体设计 .254.1.1 SERCOS 网络 .
