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1、高考总复习一轮用书,立体设计走进新课堂,英 语,Unit4 Earthquakes,话题：1.Basic knowledge about earthquakes(关于地震的基本知识)2.How to protect oneself and help others in disasters(在灾难中如何保护自己和帮助他人)功能：1.Talking about past experiences(叙述过去的经历)2.Expressing thanks(表达感谢)语法：The Attributive Clause()(that,which,who(m),whose)定语从句（1）（由that,whic
2、h,who（m）,whose引导）,重点单词：burst，ruin，extreme,injure，destroy，shock，rescue，trap,electricity，disaster，bury，shelter，frightened,judge，express,event,damage重点短语：right away，as if,at an end，a （great） number of，in ruins,fall down，dig out,be buried in重点句型1.It seemed as if the world was at an end!2.Thousands of fa
3、milies were killed and many children were left without parents.3.All hope was not lost.,要点一：重点单词1.burst vt.&vi.（使）爆裂；（使）爆发；突然出现；闯入；充满 n. 突然破裂；爆发归纳拓展burst out 突然迸发；爆发burst out doing sth.=burst into+n. 突然起来burst out crying/laughing=burst into tears/laughter突然大哭/大笑起来burst into/in 闯入，闯进，突然破门而入burst with
4、 anger/grief/joy勃然大怒/悲痛欲绝/乐不可支,知识与要点,They all burst out laughing at the expression on her face.看到她脸上的表情，他们都突然大笑起来。I couldnt help bursting into tears when I heard the bad news.我听到这个坏消息时不禁泪流满面。The excellent performance of Chinese competitors at the 16th Guangzhou Asian Games caused bursts of applause.
5、在第16届广州亚运会上，中国队队员的精彩表现赢得了阵阵掌声。,知识与要点,【链接训练】One minute she burst into_and the next burst out _ .We just couldnt catch her mood at any moment.A.crying;laughterB.tears;laughingC.tears;laughterD.crying;laughing【解析】burst into tears “突然大哭起来”，burst out laughing“突然大笑起来”。burst into+n.=burst out doing“突然起来”。【
6、答案】B,知识与要点,All the people present_into cheers after they completed the launch of a new rocket.A.brokeB.burstC.burstedD.got【解析】句意为：新火箭成功升空后，在场所有的人都欢呼起来。burst into cheers“欢呼”，符合题意。【答案】B,知识与要点,2.ruin（1）n.U衰败；毁灭；瓦解；C（pl.）废墟；遗迹（2）vt.&vi.毁坏；毁灭；（使）破产,知识与要点,归纳拓展(1)ruin oneself毁掉自己，自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame毁
7、坏某人的健康/名誉(2)lie/be in ruins成为一片废墟；破烂不堪be the ruin of成为毁灭（堕落）的原因come/fall into ruins破败不堪，成为废墟bring sb.to ruin 使某人破产,知识与要点,Drink was his fathers ruin and it will be the ruin of him too!酗酒是他父亲毁灭的原因，他也将遭受同样的厄运。The town lay in ruins after years of bombing.经过几年的轰炸，这座城镇已成了一片废墟。That one mistake ruined his c
8、hance of getting the job.正是那个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。,知识与要点,同类辨析ruin，destroy，damage与spoil（1）ruin 用作动词或名词，表示彻底毁坏某种美好的或有用的东西，这种毁坏也许没有多大力量，也不是一次打击的结果；也可表示使某人破产、身败名裂。（2）destroy 用作及物动词，表示严重毁坏某物，使之不复存在或无法修复，也可用于抽象的东西，如名誉、计划、努力等，或表示毁掉某人的一生，使之对未来毫无希望。（3）damage 主要指对价值和功能：的毁坏，多指车辆、房屋、庄稼等事物受到损失或毁坏，但往往可以修复，也可以表示损伤某人的身体
9、部位或对某人有不好的影响，也可用作名词。(4)spoil“破坏，糟蹋”，其重点在于破坏事物原先的结构、和谐性，使原事物不再具有原先的特点，宾语常是景致、食欲、计划等。,知识与要点,【链接训练】The houses across the street are _,but they were in good condition a few years ago.A.in rowsB.in ruinsC.in numberD.in detail【解析】in rows意为“成行，成排”；in ruins意为“毁坏，破败不堪”；in number意为“总共”；in detail意为“详细地”。只有B项符合
10、句意。【答案】B,知识与要点,（用 destroy，damage，ruin 的适当形式填空）They managed to repair the houses that had been_ .All their hopes were_by her letter of refusal.He put my new white dress in the dirty water and_it.【答案】damageddestroyedruined,知识与要点,3.injure vt.&vi.伤害；损害；毁坏（某人的名誉、感情）归纳拓展（1）injury (pl.injuries)n.伤口；损害do an
11、 injury to sb.伤害某人（2）injured adj.受伤的the injured意思是“受伤的人；伤员”，谓语动词常用作复数形式。,知识与要点,Lucy got injured in the traffic accident yesterday.露西在昨天的车祸中受伤了。This could seriously injure the companys reputation.这会严重损害公司的声誉。His injuries were bad,so he went to hospital.他的伤势很严重，所以去医院了。The injured are taken good care o
12、f in the hospital.伤员在医院里受到良好的照顾。,知识与要点,同类辨析hurt，injure，harm与wound（1）hurt是普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指心灵上、感情上的伤害。特指伴有疼痛的肉体上的伤害。（2）injure比hurt正式，hurt多指伤痛，而injure则指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能：的损失，多指在意外事故中受伤。（3）harm用于指肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指引起不安或不便，还可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情。短语do harm to sb./do sb.harm/harm sb.对某人有危害。（4）wound指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉
13、之伤，是出血的、严重的伤，特指战场上受伤。它可以指肉体上的伤害，也可指人们心灵上的创伤。,知识与要点,【链接训练】Have you heard it？At least 102 people were killed，22_and 13_in a terrible earthquake.A.injuring；trappingB.injured；trappedC.injured；trappingD.injuring；trapped【解析】根据句意用injured和trapped表示被动意义，承前省略助动词were。【答案】B,知识与要点,(用injure,hurt,wound,harm的适当形式填空
14、)How many people were _ in the accident？What he said _ me deeply.The soldier was_in the arm.Pollution can_marine life.【答案】injured hurt wounded harm,知识与要点,4.bury vt.埋葬，埋藏，用某物覆盖；使沉浸，使专心归纳拓展be buried alive被活埋bury sth.under/beneath.将埋在下面bury ones face in hands双手掩面bury ones feelings感情不外露bury oneself in=b
15、e buried in埋头于；专心于,知识与要点,She buried her face in her hands and wept.她掩面而泣。The paper was buried under a pile of books.那份文件被掩藏在一堆书下面。Since she left，hes buried himself in his work.自从她走后，他全心扑在工作上。,知识与要点,【链接训练】He_his head under his pillow because of the noise from upstairs.But he still couldnt_asleep.A.bu
16、ried；goB.placed；wentC.buried；fallD.laid;go to【解析】句意为：由于楼上有噪音，他把头埋在枕头底下。但是，他仍旧不能入睡。bury sth. under/beneath.“将埋在下面”；fall asleep“入睡”，为固定短语。【答案】C,知识与要点,5.judge n. 裁判员；法官；评判员v. 断定；判断；判决；估计归纳拓展（1）judge that.judge sb./sth.（to be）+n./adj.断定，估计认为（2）judge+wh-clause/wh-to do 判断，断定（3）judge sb./sth.from/by.评判，从来评价（4）judging by/from 从来看，根据来判断（5）judgement n.判断，审判，意见，判断力in ones judgement依某人看来，按某人的看法,
