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1、 凯程考研集训营,为学生引路,为学员服务!第 1 页 共 2 页考研英语之怎样翻译复杂的中文句子无论是英译汉还是汉译英,都提出“忠实” 、 “通顺”为其基本标准,这是大家所公认的。虽然英译汉和汉译英都以“忠实” 、 “通顺”为其标准,但并不等于它们之间没有差异,更不等于它们没有各自的特点。比如,字面和实质往往有很大的差距, “七嘴八舌”就不能译成“七张嘴八条舌头” ,“寒暄”也不能译成“寒冷的谈话” , “干脆”也不宜译成“又干又脆” , “在朋友面前我只感到惭愧”也不宜说成“羞愧”(ashamed),实指“不好意思”(illatease) 。下面,跨考小编详细为大家介绍如何进行长句的翻译,首
2、先要进行断句,汉语的断句是个难点汉语是形散意连,断句不如英语那样严格。如何划分汉语的句界之间的关系,在很多情况下要取决于读者的语感和对语句的理解,如:每一个人,作为社会的一个成员,有权享受其人格和尊严的自由发展所必需的社会、经济、文化权利,这些权利是通过国家努力和国际合作来实现的,并且与所在国家的组织、资源、现状相一致。对于这种比较复杂的中文句子,在正式翻译成英文句子之前,应当按照它的含义,将它划分成不同的部分,以便我们确定英文句子的结构。首先将这个中文句子划分成 6 个部分,请特别注意,第 4 部分嵌套在第 3 部分中间。每一个人,作为社会的一个成员,有权享受 其人格和尊严的自由发展所必需的
3、 社会、经济、文化权利,这些权利是通过国家努力和国际合作来实现的,并且与所在国家的组织、资源、现状相一致。这样划分之后,可以初步决定,将第 4、5、6 部分翻译成三个定语从句,用来修饰第3 部分的最后一个单词 rights:Everyoneas a member of societyis entitled to the social, economic and cultural rightswhich are necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignitywhich are realize
4、d through national effort and international cooperationwhich are concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.不过,在英语中,通常是一个定语从句修饰一个名词,很少有三个定语从句修饰一个名词,因此临时变通下,将第 4 部分改写成一个短语,将第 5、6 部分合并成一个定语句子,请看:Everyoneas a member of societyis entitled to the social, economic and cultur
5、al rightsnecessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignitywhich are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.最后,将这 5 个部分组合起来,就是这个中文句子的英文译文。Everyone, as a member of society,
6、is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity, which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country. 凯程考研集训营,为学生引路,
7、为学员服务!第 2 页 共 2 页另提供一版本如下:Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.