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1、1改错练习1.平行结构(1) At the heart of the NEA survey is the belief that our democratic system depends on leaders who can think critically, analyze texts and writing clearly.【解析】这里的 writing 显然与 think 和 analyze 并列,因此应该用同样的形式,所以应该改成 write.(2) Their experiments have shown that reading disorders are most likely
2、 the result of what is, in effect, faulty wiring in the brain-not lazy, stupidity or a poor home environment. 【解析】这里的 lazy 应该与 stupidity 和 a poor home environment 并列,因此该用名词形式 laziness.(3) The task of learning facts and concepts, one at a time, makes learning laborious, boring and efficient. 【解析】本题中
3、efficient 和 laborious 与 boring 并列,根据并列成分意思一致原则,也可以推断出这里的 efficient 应该换成它的反义词 inefficient.2. 动词(4) Viewing biologically, the modern footballer is revealed as a member of a disguised hunting pack.【解析】本句的主语 the modern footballer 是 view 的逻辑主语，根据 view 的词性和句子的意思，两者之间应该是被动关系，所以只能用 view 的过去分词形式。(5) Culture
4、refers to the social heritage of a people - the learned patterns for thinking, feeling and acting that characterize a population or society, include the expression of these patterns in material things.【解析】分析该句结构可知，谓语是 refers to，因此 include 必须改成 including 才符合语法规范。(6) Do not send a photo unless specifi
5、cally requested. If you have to send one, make sure it is one taking in a professional setting, rather than a holiday snap.【解析】根据上文可知，one 代替前面的 photo，其后的分词短语充当 one 的后置定语，表示“被拍的照片 ”，故应将 taking 改为 taken。3. 介词短语固定搭配(7) If you are sending your CV electronically, check the formatting by sending it to you
6、rself first. Keep up the format simple.【解析】keep 在此处的含义应该是 “保持”，是及物动词，后面后面可以接形容词充当宾补，keep the format simple 意为“保持格式简洁”。而 keep up 意为“( 使) 保持或继续下去”，后面可以跟名词，但不能接形容词充当宾补，因此应将原文中的 up 去掉。(8) But to sociologists, to be human is to be cultured, because of culture is the common world of experience we share wi
7、th other members of our group.【解析】分析句子的结构可知，because of 后面是一个完整的句子。当表示原因时because of 后跟名词，because 后跟句子，所以此处的 of 应该去掉。(9) As we know, smoking not only gives harm to smokers health, but also non-smokers who live with them.【解析】此处考查固定搭配 do harm to，意为“对有害” ，所以此处的 gives 应改为does。4. 名词(10) There is so much vo
8、ice outside that I cant concentrate on my study and thinking.2【解析】本题中 voice 意思是“(人的)声音”，而 noise 指的是噪声。因此此题为词的误用。(11) If you smoke and you still dont believe that theres a definite link between smoke and troubles, heart disease and lung cancer.【解析】本题中 smoke 作名词时意为“烟雾” ，作动词时意为“ 吸烟”。此处指吸烟和肺部疾病的关系故使用 sm
9、oking。5. 冠词(12) Most American businesses are open five days a week. American school children attend the school five days a week as well.【解析】attend school 意为“上学” ，而不是特指“学校 ”，所以将 the 去掉。相类似的词还有 go to bed, in hospital（住院） ，in the hospital（在医院）等。6. 代词(13) The fast-growing populations demand for food, th
10、ey warned, would soon exceed their supply, leading to widespread food shortages and starvation.【解析】此处是说，迅速增长的人口对食物的需求很快将超过“食物” 的 supply(供应)，因此 supply 前面的代词应与 food 保持一致，故应该将 their 改成 its。(14) Traditionally, the American farmer has always been independent and hard-working. In the eighteenth century fa
11、rmers were quite self-sufficient. The farm family grew and made almost nothing it needed. The surplus crop would be sold to buy a few items in the local general store.【解析】上一句说“ 在 18 世纪农民是自给自足的”，那么接下去应该是“农民生产自己生活的一切东西” 才符合逻辑，所以应该将 nothing 改成 everything.7. 易混词(15) His persistence was awarded when the
12、car finally started. 【解析】句中“award” 是“颁发，授予(奖赏)” 之义，而文中想要表达的意思是“ 汽车终于启动了，那就是对他坚持不懈精神的回报。 ”应把 award 改成 reward。(16) A diversity committee composed of reporters, editors, and photographers meets regularly to value the Seattle Times content and to educate the rest of the newsroom staff about diversity is
13、sues.【解析】动词 value 有两个含义：第一，to think that someone or something is important，比如 I value our friendship。第二，to decide how much money something is worth，比如 we decide to get this house valued。不论哪个含义，用于此都不适合。从文中可以推测这些人碰头人是为了 judge how good, useful, or successful the paper is，因此要用 evaluate。8. 词性(17) Now wha
14、t started in schools across the country is playing itself out on a nation stage and is possibly having an impact on the reading habits of the Ameri- can public.【解析】 “在国内舞台 ”应该是 on a national stage,在这里名词 nation 要改成它的形容词形式 national。(18) Most experts believe this can continue even if the population dou
15、bles by the mid-21st century,although feeding I0 billion people will not be easy for politics, economic and environmental reasons.【解析】reasons 有三个修饰词 politics, economic， environmental , 后两个是形容词，第一个也应该是一致的，所以把 politics 改称 political。9. 时态、语态、虚拟语气3(19) In the mid-1980s the frequency of infections and de
16、aths started to pick up again around theworld. Where tuberculosis vanished, it came back【解析】这句话的意思是：结核病在已经绝迹的地方又卷土重来。从句谓语动词发生在主 句 谓语动词 came 之前，所以要用过去完成时，故在 vanished 前加 had。(20) We strongly suggest that Henry is told about his physical condition as soon as possible.【解析】句中动词 suggest 之后的从句应用虚拟语气，故“is”应改为“be”或“should be”。类似的动词还有 demand,insist, order，等等。(21)Science should not only be“fun”in the same way as playing a video game, but “hard fun”-a deep feeling of connection
