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1、1定语从句一观察句子：找出定语从句，先行词，关系词。1. She is the old woman whom I saw this morning. 2. Mary is the girl whose parents work in Japan3. Is this the key which you are looking for? 4. Is there any room whose window faces the sea?5. He who/that doesnt reach the great wall is not a true man.6. I dont like the girl
2、 whom/that you are talking about.7. This is the house which/that has just been painted.8. The computer (which/that )I bought a month ago broke down yesterday.9. The girl whose English is very good won the first place in the 100- meter race.10. This is my school whose buildings are built on the top o
3、f a hill.结论 1：引导定语从句的关系代词有_ _ _ _ _。who 指 ，做 。whom 指 ，做 (优先)。that 指 ，做 which 指 做 。whose 指 ，做 。关系代词与先行词的关系1. A plane is a machine that can fly. that = 2. The boy who broke the window is called Tom. who = 3. The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.4. The club whose members are
4、 music fans meet in the school garden every Saturday afternoon.Whose= 结论 2：关系代词= 先行词Whose=先行词的所有格 =the +n. +of +whom/ which介词+关系代词引导的定语从句The man to whom you spoke was a scientist.The city in which she lives is far away.结论 3:关系代词前有介词时 (介词提前) ，指人只用 , 指物只用 ，不用 和 。三找出下列句子中的先行词,关系词说出关系词在从句中所充当的成分 ;1.The
5、man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. 2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. 3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. 4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. 语法讲解：一. 定语从句的功用和结构在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句按其语法性质可分为限制性和两种。限定性定语从句用来限定先行词的范2围，是不可缺少的成分；非限制性定语从句用来补充说明先行词，添加信息，省略
6、后对全句没有太大的影响。例如：This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.Do you know everybody who came to the party?I still remember the night when I first came to the village?This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.二. 关系代词和关系副词的功用关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。
7、关系待客做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。1. 作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如：I dont like people who talk much but do little.The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.2. 作宾语：She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great E
8、scape”.3. 作定语关系代词 whose 在定语从句中作定语用。例如：Whats the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.4. 作状语Ill never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.This is the house where I was born.三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法（一）由 that, which, who, whose 关系代词引导的定语
9、从句用法简述如下。1、that 指人亦可指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，宾语可以省略；The girl that was crying just now is my best friend.刚才哭的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。2、which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，宾语可以省略；China is a country which has a long history. 中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。3、who 指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，宾语可以省略；The man who was here yesterday is a painter.昨天在这里的那个人是位画家。 （who 作主语）3
10、The man who I saw is called Smith.我见到的那个人名叫史密斯。 （who 作宾语，亦可省略）4、whose 是属格，指人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语I live in a room(,) (whose windows) =(the windows of which)face south.我住在一个窗户朝南的房间里。【点拨】辨析 that, which； 相同点：都可以指物 不同点：如下1、在下列情况下只能用 that 而不能用 which 引导定语从句（1）当先行词是不定代词是不定代词 all, little, few, much, none, anything
11、, nothing, everything 等时。（2）当先行词被最高级、序数词以及 the very, the few, the only 修饰时。 （即；高代序原则）（3）当先行词被 all, little, much, some, any, no, every 等词修饰时（4）当先行词由表示人和物的两个并列的名词构成时。（5）当主句是以 which 或 who 特殊疑问句时。（6）当引导词在从句中作表语时2、在下列情况下只能用 which 而不能用 that 引导定语从句(1) 在非限制性定语从中。例如：The meeting was put off, which was exactly
12、 what we wanted.(2) 定语从句由介词+ 关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如：The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.【点拨】辨析 who ,that相同点：都可以指人，在句中作主语不同点：如下指人时，在下列情况下一般选用 who：（1）当先行词为 those, one, anyone, nobody 等不定代词时。例如：The one who knows me well is Tom.非常了解我的那个人是汤姆。（2）在分隔型定语从句中，若先行词代指人。如：A new master will come
13、tomorrow who will teach you German.有位新老师明天来教你们德语（3）先行词为 there be 结构的主语时例如：There is a man who wants to see you.有个人想4见你（二）由 when, where 或 why 关系副词以及“介词 + which”结构，引导的定语从句when, where 或 why 在定语从句中分别代替表示时间、地点或原因的先行词，在句中作时间、地点或原因状语1）. when 指时间。I still remember the day when I first came to this school.我仍然记
14、得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。(when = on which)I still remember the day that we spent together in Beijing.我仍然记得我们在北京度过的那一天【点拨】第一个句子先行词 day 在定语从句中作状语，when=on which；第二个句子 the day 在定语从句中作宾语。2）. where 指地点。Whats the name of the place where you spent your holiday last year?去年你度假的那个地方叫什么名字？ (where = at which)Whats the n
15、ame of the place that you visited last year?去年你拜访的那个地方叫什么名字？【点拨】第一个句子 the place 在定语从句中作地点状语，where-in which; 第二个句子 the place 在定语从句中作宾语3）. why 指原因，用在名词 reason 后。The reason why he was late for class is that he got up late.他迟到的原因是他起晚啦。The reason that he told me is well-known. 他告诉我的原因是众所周知的。【点拨】第一个句子 reason 在定语从句中作原因状语 ; 第二个句子 reason 在定语从句中作宾语。四、 “介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句修饰物时用 which,不
