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1、1高考英语解题技巧和解题方法教案一、教学目标1、完形填空的解题技巧和解题方法； 2、阅读理解的解题技巧和解题方法；3、书面写作的解题技巧和解题方法。二、教学重难点1、教学重点：阅读理解的解题技巧和解题方法；2、教学难点：完形填空的解题技巧和解题方法。三、教学过程（一）问题排行榜（Hit the charts）1、完形填空的解题技巧和解题方法都有哪些？2、阅读理解的解题技巧和解题方法都有哪些？3、书面写作的解题技巧和解题方法都有哪些？（二）攻克难点（Overcome difficulties）1、完形填空的解题技巧和解题方法都有哪些？完型填空之能力训练目标：词语辨析能力语法结构分析能力语篇理解能
2、力逻辑推理能力生活常识综合运用能力完型填空特点:题材常为记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章。内容完整,逻辑性强,语言结构严谨。考察近义词语细微差别的辨析。考察重点多为实词:名/代/动词/形容/副词等。关注语境背景知识,侧重上下关联,暗示判断能力。侧重于篇章,体现语用判断和内在逻辑。2完形填空总体要求：完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。解题过程是对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程，通常我们可以借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知识等进行解题。解题方法：总的原则: “先完意，后完形” 。八字方针：上下求索，瞻前顾后。三步曲：读填读三步答题Step1跳读文章，把握大意，注意首句
3、。完形填空首句不挖空，帮助进入语境。Step2 在把握语篇大意的基础上，借助于一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案。四种常用的方法：context (上下文语境)；词语辨析和固定搭配；利用文章中的信息-原词复现、近义词和反义词等；文化背景和常识。Step3 将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查。Tips:时态语态，主谓语在上下文的中是否一致；语法和习惯用法的搭配在上下文中是否一致；段与段，句与句之间的衔接是否连贯；整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文的衔接是否合理。完形填空之九大解题技巧1.利用首句来解题I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought
4、I was 36 and when I was 14, he said, “Youre never going to be 37(anything) but a failure. ” 36.A. bright B. useless C. simple D. hopeful32. 根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题Our father was a struggling 36(lawyer) , but I always knew he was 37 . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best. 37. A. strict B
5、. honest C. special D. learned38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praisePracticeHis big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight.43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked44. A. clean B
6、. straight C. larger D. darker3. 利用语篇的标志性的词语解题常见的标志性的词语有以下几种:结构层次:firstly, secondly, thirdly；逻辑关系：thus, therefore, so；递进关系：besides, whats more, furthermore;转折关系：but, while, however 等.She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n) _1_vacation, but was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak
7、color film she had not yet developed.1.A. disappointing B. wonderful C. uncomfortable D. important4. 根据逻辑推理解题and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange_37_quite pleasant taste.37. A. besides B. but C. and D. orPracticeStudents generally appreciate th
8、ese special 50 4opportunities. They are almost always fun and interesting, and professors 51 them too because students learn so much in just a few short months.50. A. working B. living C. teaching D. learning51. A. hold B. like C. dislike D. discover5. 根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择The amount of usable water has a
9、lways been of great interest in the world. 36(Owning) springs and streams sometimes means control , particularly in the 37 areas like the desert. A.dry B.distant C.deserted D.wild6.从语法角度来解题I went into a caf and asked for a coffee. 21 I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other peopl
10、e in the place , but I sensed 22 (loneliness). A.Before B.Since C.Although D.While7.从词汇辨析和固定搭配方面来解题1) He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming_1_.So he shouldnt have gone into that place.1.A.after all B. in all C.at all D. for all2) So I tried hard with my writing and went to college . My f
11、irst novel 45 while I was at college.45. A. came on B. came in C. came out D. came back8.利用词汇的复现解题How does a tooth go bad? The 51 begins in a little crack in the enamel (珐琅）covering of the tooth. This happens after germs and bits of food have collected there. Then the decay slowly spreads inside the
12、 tooth. In the end, poison goes into blood, and we may feel quite ill. 51. A. destruction B. decay 5C. fault D. hurt9.利用语气副词的情景解题.I raised the pistol and fired. The animal fell backwards with an angry cry. Father took the 38 smoking pistol from my hand , and fired another shot, which killed the gori
13、lla.38. A. still B. yet C. even D. already2、阅读理解的解题技巧和解题方法都有哪些？摒弃不良的阅读习惯：1.“指读” ； 2.“声读” ； 3.“译读” ； 4.“回读” ； 5.“析读” ；6.“参照读” ； 7.“视幅过窄” ；8.“毛病” （bad habits）: 教学过程中，发现学生在阅读时常做些不利于阅读的坏动作.有的同学晃头、颠腿、转笔、听音乐、咬指头、趴在桌子上、揪头发等等。关于阅读的 4 大能力：体裁分析能力分析题干能力猜词能力猜答案能力体裁分析能力高考英语考试中阅读理解的文章一般有这样几种文体，即记叙文、描写文、说明文、应用文和论述
14、文。不同的文体有不同的段落组织方式和脉络层次。记叙文往往按时间顺序展开段落，文章有明显表示时间先后的词语。阅读时抓住时间这条主线，弄清 who、what、where、why 与 how。描写文通过细节的描写以画面的方式来反应事物的特征、性质。对这种文章要迅速弄清其主题，主题词往往出现在各个句子里，贯穿文章的始末；紧围绕这个主题进行阅读，找到文章与之有关的信息，并确定信息与主题的关系。6说明文多见于科普文章，用以解释或揭示事物的状态、特征、演变、结果及其相互之间的关系，这类文体的文章，首句往往是主题句，开门见山，说明文章的关注对象：弄清作者的思路和段落组织的方式；把握次要信息及其与主题的关系。论
15、述文的阅读难在这种文章处处都渗透作者的个人观点、态度。阅读论述文应该从文体的写作和结构特点入手。文章的结构往往容易把握，用主题句开门见山。作者往往通过信号词(signal words 或 transitional words)和关联词(referents 来组织段落、文章。对信号词的迅速反应和对关联词的准确判断是至关重要的；要特别注意区分作者的观点与文章里所提到的人物的观点，同时注意作者所使用的表示赞同、反对等感情色彩的词汇。分析题干能力细节类问题的命题方式有以下几种：1)Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage? 2) The author mentions all of
