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1、 http:/托福阅读词汇题的结构线索解题法托福阅读词汇题是新托福阅读考试每次必考题型，托福阅读词汇题目目的让考生熟知文章中个别单词或短语的具体意思，所以考生理解单词的意思必须符合原文的意思。一般说来，题目中涉及到的单词或短语对于文章的理解或者重要的部分起到至关重要的作用。前程百利小编接下来为考生介绍利用结构线索解答托福阅读词汇题的方法。如何识别此类问题词汇类问题很容易辨认，在文章中被考到的单词或短语会被用阴影标识出来，问题的提问形式通常为：In the case of a word， the question might beThe word X in the passage is clos
2、est in meaning toIn the case of a phrase， the question might beIn stating X， the author means thatThe phrase X in the passage is closest in meaning to其中，以第一种形式，也就是考察考察某单词在文章上下文中意思的问题类型最为常见。如何答题1. 在文章中定位到阴影标识的单词或短语。2. 仔细阅读该词或短语所在句子。3. 在句子中寻找可以帮助理解阴影标识的单词或短语的具体意思的线索。4. 选择答案，并将所选择的单词或短语放入原文进入检验，以确认这个句子
3、在全文中仍是有意义的。提醒考生注意，选择答案时，不要仅仅因为某个选项符合该单词的某一个正确意思就将其作为正确选项;题目考察的是作者在文章上下文中使用的词义。如何利用结构线索解题(即指明句子中各成分之间关系的特定单词、短语和语法结构) http:/1. 对比Example: OG Practice Set 5， question 6Passage 5: In this newly emerging economic order， workers sometimes organized to protect their rights and traditional ways of life. Cr
4、aftworkers such as carpenters and tailors formed unions and in1834 individual unions came together in the National Trades Union. The labor movement gatheredsome momentum in the decade before the Panic of 1837， but in the depression that followed，labors strength collapsedThe phrase gathered some mome
5、ntum in the passage is closest in meaning to made progress became active caused changes combined forces解析：单词 readily 所在的 章句子中出现转折词 but，根据文章中 but 后面的内容我们可以得出短语 gathered some momentum 在此句中的的意思为 made progress。2.举例Example: OG Practice Set 4， question 10Passage 8: One cognitive theory suggests that aggra
6、vating and painful events trigger unpleasant feelings. These feelings in turn， can lead to aggressive action， but not automatically. Cognitivefactors intervene. People decide whether they will act aggressively or not on other peoplesmotives. Supporting evidence comes from research showing that aggre
7、ssive people often distortother peoples motives. For example， they assume that other people mean them harm when theydo not.The word distort in the passage is closest in meaning to mistrust misinterpret criticize http:/ resent解析：distort 所在的 章句子后出现“ for example”， 根据 for example 中的内容，我们可以得出 distort 在此句
8、中的意思为 misinterpret。3. 并列信息Example: OG Practice Set 5， question 3Passage 3: Absenteeism and lateness hurt productivity and since work was specialized，disrupted the regular factory routine. Industrialization not only produced a fundamental change inthe way work was organized; it transformed the very n
9、ature of work.The word disrupted in the passage is closest in meaning to prolonged established followed upset解析：disrupt 在的文章句子中出现 and 连接的并列信息 hurt，根据这一并列信息，我们可以得出 disrupt 在此句中的意思为 upset。4. 因果关系Example: OG Practice Set 6， question 1Passage 1: Feeding， courtship， preproduction， and even “rest” are car
10、ried out while inconstant motion. As a result， practically every aspect of the body form and function of theseswimming “machines” is adapted to enhance their ability to swim.The word enhance in the passage is closest in meaning to use improve counteract balance http:/解析：enhance 在的文章句子中出现表示因果关系的短语 as
11、 a result，根据前一句中的原因，我们可以得出 enhance 在此句中的意思为 improve。5. 连词 orExample: OG The EXPRESSION OF EMOTIONS question 1Passage 1: Joy and sadness are experienced by people in all cultures around the world， but howcan we tell when other people are happy or despondent? It turns out that the expression of manyemotions may e universalThe word despondent in the passage is closest in meaning to curious unhappy thoughtful uncertain解析：despondent 所在的文章句子中出现疑问句，疑问句中的连词 or 表示选择，因此我们可以得出 despondent 在此句中的意思为 unhappy。以上就是前程百利小编为考生带来的利用结构线索解答托福阅读词汇题的分析。大家在对托福阅读词汇题进行专项练习时，可以总结一下其他的答题关键点。预祝大家托福考试取得好成绩!
