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1、 第页1Unit 3 Teenage problems(B)一. 教学内容：9A Unit 3 Grammar 二. 教学目标：1. To-infinitives 动词不定式2. “wh” words + to-infinitive 疑问词+不定式动词 3. Sentence types 句子的四种类型【具体教学过程】（一）To-infinitives 动词不定式Subject (主语)To plant trees every year is necessary.不定式作主语常能换成形式主语 “it”.To eat too much is unhealthy for you.It is unh
2、ealthy for you to eat too much.To learn English well is important.It is important to learn English well.我们相信早上读英语是有帮助的.We believe it is helpful to read English in the morning.Predictive (表语)My dream is to be a great football player.不定式作表语，说明主语的内容，性质，特征，能接不定式作表语的名词有: dream, plan, duty, aim, purpose,
3、job 等1. 我的目的是帮助你提高你的英语水平。My purpose is to help you improve your English.2. 赫本的梦想是成为一个成功的芭蕾舞者。Hepburns dream was to become a successful ballet dancer.Object (宾语)不定式可以接在有些动词后作宾语, 如: hope, promise, plan, learn, decide, choose, prepare, agree, remember, forget, seem1. 请你不要忘记参加我们的俱乐部派对。Please dont forget
4、 to take part in our club party.2. 他决定上课时不再讲话了。He decided not to talk in class any longer.(不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加 not)下列句子中哪个是宾语?Wearing red can make it easier for you to take action.“it”可以代替不定式作宾语，称之为形式宾语。能加形式宾语的动词通常有: make, find, consider, feel老师应该使学生学英语容易。 第页2Teachers should make it easier for student
5、s to learn English.我们发现打电脑游戏有趣。We find it interesting to play computer games.Object Complement (宾语补足语)My parents do not allow me to go out after 6 p.m.不定式作宾补,此时宾补与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。这样的搭配有：allow sb. to do sth.need sb. to do sth. advise sb. (not) to do sth. want sb. (not) to do sth.tell/ ask /order sb. (not
6、) to do sth.1. 妈妈告诉我雨天不要骑自行车。My mother tells me not to ride a bike on a rainy day.有些动宾结构可以接省略“to”的不定式作宾补。(使役动词) make/ let/ have sb. do sth.(感官动词) see/hear/notice/watch sb. do sth.2. 米丽的父亲每天让她做很多练习。Millies father makes her do plenty of exercises.3. 有人看到他走进那幢高楼。Someone saw him walk into that tall buil
7、ding.被动语态在被动语态中 “to” 要还原。Millie is made to do plenty of exercises.He was seen to walk into that tall building.动词“help” 既可以带 “to” 也可以带省略“to” 的不定式。This can help us (to) relax and make our lives more interesting.Attributive (定语)Mr Wu is always the last to leave.不定式作定语通常放在被修饰的词之后。1. 我还有一些事情要说。I have som
8、e more to say.2. 有必要告诉他事实的真相。There is need to tell him the truth.3. He said he found a chair to sit on. 有一些名词后常可以用不定式作定语1. Its time to go to school.2. Jim said there was no time to go to the hospital .3. Which is the way to go to the cinema?Adverbial (to express purpose 表目的)He stayed there to see wh
9、at would happen.不定式可用作状语表目的。 第页3Youd better take more exercise to keep healthy.People living in cold climates prefer to use warm colours to create a warm and comfortable feeling there.Adverbial (to express result 表结果 )Linda came back home to find her house on fire.不定式可以作状语表结果The little baby has grow
10、 up to be a beautiful girl.随堂练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空1. I have a lot of homework _ (do) every day.2. I want to refuse _ (do) so much work.3. I hope _ (hear) from you soon.4. My dream is _ (be) a great football player.5. I believe it is important for us _ (spend) some time on our hobbies.（二） “wh” words + to-i
11、nfinitive 疑问词+不定式动词 疑问词:疑问代词“who, whom, what, which, whose” 疑问副词“when, where, how” 连接词 “whether”Yao Ming 未决定下一步干什么。Yao Ming hasnt decided _ next. Su Mingjuan decided _.（到哪儿工作）Bill Gates knew_ (怎样帮助) children. 随堂练习：选词填空: how which what when where 1. When I go into the clothes shop, I always cant deci
12、de _ one to buy.2. My grandfather doesnt know _ to use a computer.3. A: Will you please show me _to drive a car?B: Yes, of course. Now let me tell you _ to do first.4. I will tell Lucy _ and _ to meet.注意点：1. 适用于“疑问词+不定式动词”的动词包括：“ask, explain, forget, know, remember, tell, decide, find out, hear, lea
13、rn, see, understand, consider, discover, guess, think, wonder,”等。We must know what to say at a meeting. He could not tell whom to trust.There are so many kinds of tape-recorders that I cant decide which to buy. 2. 这结构可与宾语从句互换，例如：I could not decide which dictionary to buy. = I could not decide which
14、dictionary I should buy.Jack did not know where to find such a good teacher.=Jack did not know where he could find such a good teacher.I dont know where to go now. 第页4=I dont know where I should go now.随堂练习:把下列句子改成简单句 1) The old lady found out where she could buy cheaper fruits.The old lady found out _ _ _ cheaper fruits.2) Will you show us how we can make a model plane?Will you show us _ _ _ a model plane?3) She hasnt told me what I should do and what I should not do.She hasnt told me _ _ _ and what _ _ _.4) Have you decided which dress you will t
