《北京航空航天大学2007年博士研究生入学考试英语试题》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《北京航空航天大学2007年博士研究生入学考试英语试题（11页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、北京航空航天大学 2007 年博士研究生入学考试英语试题Part Listening Comprehension (20 points)(略)Part Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions: There are four passages in the part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and DRead the passag
2、es carefully and decide on the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage 1Scientists now tend to agree that the noise level for potential hearing loss begins at about 70decibels. Some of them are very concerned because normal da
3、ily life often exposes people to noise levels of about 70 decibels even inside their homes. Cities have always been noisy, but noise is now spreading to areas that were quiet just a few years ago.Clearly, something must be done or noise will seriously and permanently maim the population. Fortunately
4、, the knowledge and methods to control noise already exist. As a matter of fact, this is one instance where the knowledge of control methods exceeds the knowledge about the effects on human life and on the environment.There are two common means for control. The first is reducing noise at its source,
5、 and the second is changing the sound path by distance or by shielding.The second approach is being used more often today as people become more aware of the danger of noise. New building codes require better sound insulation in homes and apartments. More and more towns are passing zoning ordinances
6、that try to segregate noisy factories or airports from residential areas. Sound-absorbent materials and construction designed to block sound paths are slowly coming into use in offices and homes. New highways are being built to redirect traffic noise up and away from nearby areas. Aircraft are incre
7、asingly being required to use reduced power flights around airports.There are many examples of available noise control methods that are not being used. More flexible building codes would permit the use of quieter kinds of plumbing pipes. Sound-absorbing materials can reduce the noise of motors and e
8、ngines. Power generators can be quieted with baffles, exhaust silencers, and sound absorbers. Truck tires can be made with quieter treads. In many cases, the cost of building quieter machines is the same or only slightly higher than that of the current noisy ones. Even though the new equipment may c
9、ost more initially, it can prove more profitable in the long run. The new jumbo jets, for example, are quieter than the older ones, yet they are more powerful and carry twice as many passengers.All of these methods are only partial measures as noisy levels continue to rise. Most specialists in the f
10、ield agree that much of the solution must come from eliminating some of the noise at its source, therefore saving through prevention the large costs of hearing loss.21The noise level for possible hearing loss begins at about _.A30 decibels B75 decibels C100 decibels Dnone of the above22Jet pilots ar
11、e being advised to land _.Aon longer runways Bfrom nearby areas Cafter dark Dwith reduced power23How many practical means for controlling noise does the author present?AOne. BTwo. CThree. DFour.24The reader can assume that airport of the future will _.Ahave runways in a north-south patternBbe locate
12、d in unpopulated areasCbe required to warn passengers of high noise levelsDin nearby areas25Jumbo jets are mentioned as examples of _.Aefficient transportation with low levels of noiseBvehicles that cause serious air pollutionCscientific advances that do more harm than goodDquieter and older vehicle
13、Passage 2Every time a person eats something he makes a nutritional decision. He accepts or rejects the food available to him at home for meals or snacks. Or he selects food for himself at many places in the community, such as supermarkets, drive-ins, restaurants, and food counters in drugstores. The
14、se selections make a difference in how an individual looks, how he feels, and how well he can work and play.When a good assortment of food in appropriate amounts is selected and eaten, the consequences are more likely to be a desirable level of health and enough energy to allow one to be as active a
15、s one needs and wants to be. When choices are less than desirable, the consequences are likely to be poor health or limited energy or both.Studies of diets of individuals in the United States show that food selection is a highly individual matter, even among young children. Furthermore, far too many
16、 individuals of all ages are making poor choices day after day and are either now living with the consequences or will be in the future.Nutritionists and workers in allied professions have been concerned about helping people learn to select and enjoy a wide variety of food combinations that can add up to a good diet.Most people believe that they are well fedthat the ch
