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1、1、Of all automobile components, an automobile engine is the most complicated assembly with dominant effects on the function of an automobile. So, the engine is generally called the“heart”of an automobile 汽车发动机是一切汽车部件中结构最复杂，对汽车功能起支配作用的一个总成。所以发动机通常被称为汽车的心脏。2、The internal combustion engines can be made
2、 to operate on almost anything that can be converted into a gas that will burn: wood, coal, alcohol, vegetable oils, mineral oils, etc. 内燃发动机可用几乎一切可转换成可燃气体的燃料：柴、煤、酒精、植物油、矿物油等等。3、according to the fuel energy they use, the internal combustion engines can also be classified as gasoline engines, kerosen
3、e engines, diesel engines and LP-Gas engines. 根据内燃机所用的燃料能源，内燃发动机也可归类分为汽油发动机、煤油发动机、柴油发动机以及液化石油气发动机。4、The spark plug is fired to ignite the air-fuel mixture prior to the piston being at the Top Dead Center. 在活塞到达上止点前，火花塞发火点燃可燃混合气。5、scientists have still been making efforts to concentrate the future de
4、velopment of engines on the three targets: reducing fuel consumption, lowering exhaust emissions, and reducing engine noise.科学家们仍然一直在作出努力把发动机未来的发展集中在三个目标上：减少耗油量、降低废气排量以及降低发动机噪音。6、Even when the cylinders, the cylinder heads, or cylinder sleeves are separate pieces, the crankcase is still the largest
5、single part in the engine, to which all of the engine parts are attached directly or indirectly.即使气缸，气缸盖或气缸套都是分离部件，曲柄箱仍应是发动机最大的铸为一体的部件，发动机其它一切部件都直接或间接地安装在它的上面。7、This major unit must be strong and rigid enough to withstand any bending or distortion. 这一主要部件必须非常坚固刚硬，才能足以抗得住任何的弯曲或扭曲。8、It may also be in
6、any other shapes to promote turbulence or help control combustion. 它（气缸顶部）也可以呈其它能促进紊流或有助于控制内燃的形状。9、In other words, it must be provided with counterbalanced weights that extend radially from the crankshaft centerline in the opposite direction of the crank arms. 换言之，它（曲轴）必须装有平衡块，而且平衡块应径向地从曲轴中心线向曲柄相对的方
7、向延伸安装。10、The valve operating assembly includes the lifters or cam followers, pushrods, rocker arms and shafts or pivot, valve, springs, retainers, rotators, seals, and locks, the purpose of this to open and close the intake and exhaust ports that lead to the combustion chambers as required.气门机构总成包括气
8、门挺柱或凸轮随动杆、推杆、摇臂、摇臂轴、气门、气门弹簧、弹簧座、转阀器、油封和锁止夹，它的功用是根据需要打开和关闭通到燃烧室的进气口和排气口。11、One way to determine if your valve cover is bent is to remove the gasket and put the valve cover back on to the cylinder head.判断气门室盖翘曲变形的一种方法是移去其衬垫，然后把气门室盖放回到气缸盖上。 （根据它们之间的缝隙判断）12、The valve springs keep the valves closed tight
9、ly against their seats until the valve is opened by the cam.在气门被凸轮打开之前，气门弹簧把气门紧紧地压靠在气门座上。13、The fuel system works according to the requirements of the engine “provides an air-fuel mixture which must be in proportion to the speed and load placed on the engine. 燃料系是根据发动机需求而工作的，因为燃料系供给的可燃混合气必须与发动机的转速和荷
10、载成相对比例。14、the fuel tank is usually either flange-mounted on to the front luggage compartment floor, or strap-mounted to the same compartment bulkhead 燃油箱通常要么凸缘安装于行李仓地面上，要么捆绑安装于行李仓的隔板上。15、The filter must prevent foreign particles from becoming lodged in and interfering with the normal action of the f
11、uel pump valve mechanism 燃油滤清器必须防止各种杂质颗粒沉积于输油泵中，又必须防止其干扰输油泵阀门机械结构的正常运转。16、When the fuel mixture leaves the carburetor, it is changed as it passes through the manifold.当可燃混合气离开化油器，在进入进气歧管的同时，混合气已在起变化。17、It is the heat to the intake manifold that ensures good vaporization and equal distribution of the
12、 fuel to each cylinder.正是进气歧管中的热量才保证了燃料正常汽化并均衡地流入每个汽缸。18、Included in the design of the exhaust manifold on some engines is the manifold heat valve.有些发动机上排气歧管的设计包括进气管加热调节阀的设计。19、As a result，not all of the burned gases will be ford from the cylinders.结果，不是全部已燃气都可从气缸中排出的。20、Catalytic converters are emi
13、ssion control devices that contain chemically treated substances that convert harmful emissions into harmlesscarbon dioxide and water vapor. 催化式排气净化器是种排气污染控制装置，这种装置带有经过化学处理的物质，并能使有害气体转变成无害的二氧化碳和水蒸汽。21、The battery-and-coil system ensures the consistent intensity of the spark regardless of engine spee
14、d and this makes for easy starting. 无论发动机转速如何，蓄电他（线圈）点火系都可保证持久的火花强度，这一点有利于起动。22、The battery-and-mil ignition system is characterized by its circuit diagram for a four-cylinder engine application.蓄电池（线圈）点火系的特点是其有用于四缸发动机的线路图。23、The purpose of the ignition coil is to transform voltage front a low-tensi
15、on source, that is the battery and charging system, into a high-tension voltage sufficient to promote an electrical discharge across a fixed sir gap at the spark plug.点火线圈的作用是将蓄电池充电系统的低压电像转变成足以能使电流越过火花塞跳火间隙的高压电。24、A rotary switch that receive the high-tension current from the ignition mil each time
16、the primary circuit is interrupted.每当初级电路断开时旋转开关就能收到来自点火线圈的高压电流。25、Their purpose is to conduct the high-tension current from the ignition system into the combustion chambers of the engine cylinders它们的作用是把高压电流从点火系传导至发动机汽缸的燃烧室。26、An automobile could not move itself without the aid of friction没有摩擦力的作用，汽车就不能向前移动。27、As the oil is fed to the various moving parts of the engineIt absorbs and carries the heat away from the engine parts.当机油供向发动机的各运动部件时，机油就可吸收并带走发动机部件发出的热量。28、The oil，which enters t
