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1、12015 年考研英语大纲单词变化统计表在新出炉的 2013 年考研英语大纲中，在英语一和英语二的考纲中就单词部分均进行了局部微调，主要是在往年大纲的基础上删除了 42 个单词，新增了 59 个单词。减少 新增 词义1 abundance 1accustomed(accustom) 使习惯于2 accidental 2 alienate 使疏远，使不友好；转移（资产等）3 agreement 3 allegiance 忠诚，效忠；拥戴；臣服4 attendance 4 ape 无尾猿，类人猿5 bearing 5 archeology 考古学；古代文物（总称）6 beforehand 6 ba
2、il 保释；帮助摆脱困境7 blackmail 7 blog 博客，网络日志8 breadth 8 botany 植物学，植物生态9 building 9 buzzn. 滋滋声；噪音；流言 vi. 发出滋滋声 vt.使发出滋滋声10 capitalism 10 censorship 审查，检查，审查制度11 certainly 11 comet 彗星12 coincidence 12 contagious 接触性传染的；有感染力的13 comfortable 13 converge 汇合到一点；聚集；使聚集于14 compensation 14 culprit 嫌犯，被告；产生不良后果的原因1
3、5 complication 15 daunt 威吓；使胆怯16 concerning 16 debut 首次登台；首次上市17 construction 17 default 违约，未履行；缺席18 container 18 defendant n. 被告；adj. 做辩护的，处于被告位置的19 contradiction 19 defer 遵命于，服从于；将委托于20 conventional 20 deplore 哀叹，对遗憾；哀悼；强烈反对21 corresponding 21 diabetes 糖尿病，多尿症22 customary 22 dinosaur 恐龙；庞然大物23 day
4、time 23 dioxide 二氧化物24 directly 24 embryo n. 胚胎；adj. 胚胎的，萌芽的；不成熟的25 discharge 25 endorse 背书，签字支付；签署；赞同，支持26 disregard 26 ethic 伦理标准，道德规范，道德体系27 elderly 27 fiscal 财政的，国库的；财务的，金钱的28 establishment 28 franchise 公民权，选举权；特许权力；特别经营权29 experimental 29 freelancev. 当自由职业者；作为自由职业者提供；adj.自由职业的，独立的30 heading 30
5、genre 种，类；体裁，样式31 housing 31 glacier 冰川，冰河32 improvement 32 guild 团体，协会；行会，同业公会33 jeans 33 heraldn. 使节；报信者；v. 宣布，预示来临；欢迎，为欢呼34 learned 34 hormone 激素，荷尔蒙235 learning 35 hygiene 卫生，卫生学，保健学36 monthly 36 inaugurate 使正式任职，为举行就职仪式；开始，开展37 noticeable 37 ivoryn. 象牙；牙质；乳白色；adj. 象牙的；牙质的；乳白色的38 perfection 38 l
6、yricn. 抒情诗，抒情作品；adj. 抒情的，奔放的；适于歌唱的39 quarterly 39 marathonn. 马拉松赛跑；耐力比赛；adj. 马拉松式的，漫长的40 replacement 40 memorandum 备忘录；外交备忘录41 shortly 41 neutron 中子42 steamer 42 nostalgic 怀乡的；怀旧的43 transition 43 obesity 过度肥胖；肥胖症44 wretched 44 overhaulv. 大修，拆修；彻底革新；赶上，超过；n. 大修，拆修；彻底革新45 writing 45 plaintiff 原告46 por
7、tfolio 公务包，卷宗夹；部长或大臣职位；投资组合47 recession 后退；凹处；衰退（期）48 redeem 赎回；偿还；弥补；履行49rehearse(rehearsal)排练，演习；参加排练或演习；反复训练；详述，历数50 salient 显著的，突出的；凸起的；涌出的51 scenario 梗概，脚本；方案；事态52 snobbish 势利的；自命不凡的53 stagnant 不流动的，呆滞的；不发展的；不活跃的54statistics(statistical) 统计，统计资料；统计学55 taboon. 禁忌；忌讳；禁忌的事物；adj.禁忌的；忌讳的；v.把列为禁忌；禁止5
8、6 toiln. 辛苦；劳作；苦工，苦活； v. 苦干，辛勤劳动57 transitn. 运输；通过；公交系统；v. 运送；通过，经过58 turmoil 骚动，混乱59 vaccine n. 牛痘苗；疫苗；adj. 牛痘苗的；疫苗的Passage One If you havent heard or seen anything about Road Rage in the last few months, youve probably been avoiding the media. There have been countless stories about this new and s
9、cary phenomenon, considered a type of aggressive driving. You have most likely encountered aggressive driving and/or Road Rage recently if you drive at all.While drunk driving remains a critical problem, the facts about aggressive driving are surely as disturbing. For instance, according to the Nati
10、onal Highway Transportation Safety Association, 41,907 people died on the highway last year. Of those fatalities, the agency estimates that about two-thirds were caused at least in part by aggressive driving behavior.3Why is the phenomenon occurring more than ever now, and why is it something that s
11、eemed almost nonexistent a few short years ago? Experts have several theories, and all are probably partially correct. One suggestion is sheer overcrowding. In the last decade, the number of cars on the road has increased by more than 11 percent, and the number of miles driven has increased by 35 pe
12、rcent. However, the number of new road miles has only increased by 1 percent. That means more cars in the same amount of space; and the problem is magnified in urban areas. Also, people have less time and more things to do. With people working and trying to fit extra chores and activities into the d
13、ay, stress levels have never been higher. Stress creates anxiety, which leads to short tempers. These factors, when combined in certain situations, can spell Road Rage.You may think you are the last person who would drive aggressively, but you might be surprised. For instance, have you ever yelled o
14、ut loud at a slower driver, sounded the horn long and hard at another car, or sped up to keep another driver from passing? If you recognize yourself in any of these situations, watch out!Whether you are getting angry at other drivers, or another driver is visibly upset with you, there are things you
15、 can do to avoid any major confrontation. If you are susceptible to Road Rage, the key is to discharge your emotion in a healthy way. If you are the target of another drivers rage, do everything possible to get away from the other driver safely, including avoiding eye contact and getting out of thei
16、r way.1. The first sentence in Paragraph 1 implies that_.A. Road Rage has received much media coverage in the last few months B. people not interested in the media know little about recent happeningsC. one may be raged by media reports and wants to avoid themD. the media coined the term “Road Rage” only a few months ago2. According to the National Highway Transportation Safety Association, last year .A. more people were killed by aggressive driving than by drunk driving
