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1、高中英语语法直接引语和间接引语 由【愛，在心頭】整编直接引语和间接引语1、人称代词的变化直接引语变间接引语时，人称代词的变化一般规律是：第一人称第三人称；第二人称第一人称；第三人称第三人称，简记为“二一、一三、三留” 。e.g. Im thinking of changing my address. he said.He said that he was thinking of changing his address.(I 和 he 指同一个人)Xiao Ming asked me, Are you going to the park with us?Xiao Ming asked me i
2、f I was going to the park with them.(us 与 them 指相同的人，Xiao Ming 是其中的一员；me 和 you 指同一个人)Mr. Li said, She will attend the meeting.Mr. Li said that she would attend the meeting.(Mr. Li 和 she 不是同一个人)但当说话者是第一人称，直接引语中的主语也是第一人称时，不作变化。e.g. I said to my children, I will give you some presents on Christmas Day.
3、I told my children I would give them some presents on Christmas Day.(I 为同一说话者)2、时态的变化直接引语变间接引语时，时态的变化规律是往“过去”相应的时态推移：一般现在时一般过去时，一般将来时过去将来时，现在进行时过去进行时，现在完成时过去完成时，一般过去时/过去完成时 过去完成时。e.g. My father told me, He will come back next week.My father told me that he would come back the next week.She asked me,
4、 Did you finish your homework?She asked me if I had finished my homework.要注意，直接引语属下列情况时，时态不作变化：1、直接引语属真理或客观事实时e.g. The teacher said to us, Light runs much faster than sound.The teacher told us light runs much faster than sound.2、主句谓语动词是现在或将来某个时态e.g. The old man often says, I joined the Red Army when
5、 I was young.The old man often says that he joined the Red Army when he was young.3、直接引语带有具体的过去时间状语时e.g. The politics teacher said to us, The party was founded in 1921.高中英语语法直接引语和间接引语 由【愛，在心頭】整编The politics teacher told us that the party was founded in 1921. 4、直接引语谓语有情态动词：had better， would rather 及n
6、eed，must ， ought to 等时e.g. He said to me, I would rather live in the countryside.He told me that he would rather live in the countryside.5、直接引语为虚拟语气谓语时e.g. She said, I would be happy if I were a bird.She said that she would be happy if she were a bird.3、句型的变化直接引语变间接引语时，句型要作适当变化1、变陈述句为由 that 引导的从句（th
7、at 常省略）e.g. I want to improve my English at school, said the child.The child said (that) he wanted to improve his English at school.2、变一般疑问句为由 if/whether 引导的从句e.g. Are you sure he will come today? Jenny asked Helen.Jenny asked Helen if/whether she was sure he would come that day.3、变选择疑问句为由 whether.o
8、r./whether.or not 引导的从句e.g. Is he a director or an actor? she asked me.She asked me whether he was a director or an actor.4、变反意问句时，要视说话者的语气而定：(1) 表示疑问时，先需去掉后面的反意问句部分，再按一般疑问句变化。e.g. You havent finished your composition, have you? the teacher said to me.The teacher asked me if I had finished my compos
9、ition.(2) 表示提醒或警告等特别语气时，先按陈述句变化，再把间接引语前的动词更换为表示相应语气的动词 remind，warn 等。e.g. Youre late for class, arent you? the teacher said angrily to me.The teacher warned me that I was late for class.Its time for you to school, isnt it? Mother said to my brother.Mother reminded my brother that it was time for him
10、 to go to school.5、变特殊疑问词开头的问句为原特殊疑问词引导的从句e.g. When did you come here? Tom asked Jim.Tom asked Jim when he had gone there.6、变祈使句为不定式短语，作动词ask，tell，order ，beg，request，advise，offer，warn 等的宾语补足语，宾语为高中英语语法直接引语和间接引语 由【愛，在心頭】整编说话者的对象，选什么动词，视情况而定e.g. The doctor said to the patient, Dont eat oily food again
11、.The doctor advised the patient not to eat oily food again.7、变感叹句为 how 或 what 引出的从句，也可用 that 引出从句e.g. How clever a boy he is. the teacher said to the mother.The teacher told the mother how clever a boy he was.或The teacher told the mother that he was clever boy. 8、直接引语是多个句子时，按其句型特点，用上面的方法分别处理，并用and 连
12、接e.g. Mrs. Smith said, I dont know the way to the station. How can I get there?Mrs. Smith said that she didnt know the way to the station and asked me how she could get there.9、若直接引语是 Whats the matter?/ What has happened?/ Whats wrong with.?时，变成间接引语语序不变。e.g. Whats the matter? said he.He asked me wha
13、t was the matter.4、其他词语的变化直接引语 间接引语this, these that, thosehere therenow thentoday, tonight that day, that nightthis evening that eveninglast week the week beforetomorrow the next/following dayyesterday the day beforenext week/month/year the next week/month/yearago beforecome goe.g. She said, I will come here again tomorrow.She said that she would go there again the next day.但要注意，如果在当时转述别人话，不必要改变时间状语；在原地转述别人的话，也不必改变地点状语，同样，come 也不一定要改为 goe.g. John said just now, I came here yesterday.John said just now that he came here yesterday.
