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1、1英语提高班（5、6 班）辅导资料（八）Module 4 知识要点归纳（二）I. Words and Phrases 1. It is/has been + 段时间 + since + 一般过去时( 从句的动词时短暂性动词时)意为“ 自从至今已经很久了”It is/has been + 段时间 + since + 一般过去时( 从句的动词时延续性动词时) 意为“自从不至今已经很久了”Its ten years since I came to Shanghai. 我来上海已经十年了。Its ten years since I lived in Shanghai. = Its ten years
2、since I left Shanghai. 我离开上海已经十年了。It was/will be + 段时间 + before 过了/ 要过 多久才It was two years before he realized the truth. 两年后他才得知真相。It will be half a year before I come back. 我半年之后才会回来。It wont be long before we meet again. 用不了多久我们就会见面。It is/was + 时间点 + when 做某事是在某具体时间 It was ten oclock when we got ho
3、me last night. 昨天晚上我们到家已经 10 点了。It is/was + 时间状语 + that 是在什么时间做的某事（强调句型）It was at ten oclock that we got home last night. 我们是在昨天昨天晚上 10 点钟到的家。强化习题：（用 before, when, since, that 填空）1. It was two years _he realized the truth. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m2. It will be two years _ the economic situation improves.
4、3. It was two years later _ he realized the truth.4. It is /has been two years _ he lived here.5. It was midnight _ he arrived home.6. It was at midnight _ he arrived home.7. It was not until midnight _ he arrived home.2. 多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序县官行令宴国才县（限定词）官（观点性形容词）行（表形状的形容词）令（表年龄的形容词）宴（颜色的）国（表国籍的形容词）才（表材料的
5、形容词）限定描绘大长高， 形状年龄和新老； 颜色国籍跟材料， 作用类别往后排； 其中， “限定词” 包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词，它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位，即：前、中、后。前位限定词有 all、half、both、分数 one-third 和倍数 twice；中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于基数词前。如:both my hands、all half his income 等。 “描绘”性形容词如：beautiful、bad、cold、great 等。 “大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。表示“形状”的词如：round sq
6、uare 等。 “国籍” 指一个国家或地区的词。 “材料”的词如：wooden, woolen, stone, silk 等。 “作用类别 ”的词如: writing desk 等。 专业记忆 英文形容词的排序：OPSHACOM 英国广播公司（BBC）在英语教学节目 Professor Grammar中提出了一种称为 OPSHACOM 的方法。现介绍给广大读者。 OPSHACOM 是个拼缀词，它的涵义如下： OP-opinion 评述性词。如 beautiful，wonderful，expensive ，terrible， horrible，lovely，silly，ugly 等。 SH-si
7、ze shape 表大小形状的词。如 long，short，round，square 等。 A-age 表新旧的词。如 new，old 等。 C-colour 表颜色的词。如 red，black，purple ，brown ，yellow 等。 O-origin 表产地的词。如 Italian，Spanish ，Canadian ，Australian，Japanese 等。 M-material 表材料的词。如 leather，glass，rubber，metal，silk ，plastic 等。 按此顺序，一件新的漂亮的意大利的黑皮茄克 的英语为a beautiful new black
8、Italian leather jacket。学习 OPSHACOM 方法时还要注意以下事项： 1. 当表大小（或长短）的词与表形状的词同时出现时，大小（或长短）在前，形状在后。如：a large square table。 2. 分词最近所修饰的名词。如：his new Japanese timing device；three Scottish handmade skirts。 练习： 将下列各题括号中的单词按正确顺序排列： 1 （Canadian ，extraordinary ，an ，new）play _2 （green，a， large）garden _3 （ugly，writing，
9、the ，steel，seven）desks _4 （purple ，Russian ，nice ，long ，her ）coat _This _ girl is Lindas cousin. A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish (2011 成都)Have you heard that Tom has bought a car? -Yes. Hes bought a _ car. A. large red German B. red
10、 large German C. large German red D. German large red3. attractive adj. 有魅力的， 有吸引力的Who is the young attractive lady standing under the tree? 站在树下的那位动人的年轻女子是谁？2对有吸引力 attractive to a political movement that is very attractive to the younger generation. 对年轻一代很有吸引力的政治运动attract vt. 吸引，引起（注意、兴趣等）: attract
11、 ones attention 引起某人注意attraction n. 吸引力；吸引人的事物、地方 用 attract, attractive 和 attraction 填空 I had always been _ by the idea of working abroad. Bright colors are _ to the children. The beautiful lake is the citys main _.4. fortune n. U 机会，运气： Fortune smiles on me.（= I had good luck.）我交了好运。C. 大笔的钱；巨款 He m
12、ade a fortune. 发大财。C.（个人的）命运、前途She can tell your fortune by looking at the lines on your hand. 她可凭看手纹替你算命。fortune_teller 算命先生fortunate adj. 幸运的 （反义词 : unfortunate 不幸的，倒霉的）sb. be fortunate to do sth = sb. be fortunate (in) doing sth. 某人很幸运做某事I have been fortunate enough to visit many parts of the wor
13、ld as a lecturer. 我很有福气，去过世界许多地方作演讲。I was fortunate in having a good teacher. 我很幸运，有位好老师。fortunately adv. 幸运的是, 幸运地。 （反：unfortunately 不幸地）练习：He was robbed last night, but _ he didnt have much on him then. A. fortunately B. eventually C. certainly D. surprisingly _ (幸运的是), there are still five minute
14、s left before the class. It was _ (幸运的 )for her that she met the doctor just when she needed him.5 be made of表示由制成 , 一般指能够 看出原材料， 或制作过程中发 生的是物理变化。 Chair is made of wood. 椅子是木头做的。This tablecloth is made of paper. 这张桌布是由纸做的。 This salad is made of apples and strawberries. 这种沙拉是由苹果和草莓做的。 be made from也表示
15、由制成 ，但一般指看不出原材料，成品失去了原材料的外形或特征；或发生的是化学变化， 在成品中已无法辨认。 Bread is made from corn. 面包是小麦做的。 The lifeboat is made from some special material. 这个救生艇是由某种特殊材料制成的。 be made in . 该短语表示“某物由某地制造”。如： The computer is made in Japan. 这台电脑是由日本生产的。 be made by . 该短语表示“某物由某个人或集体制造而成”，其中介词by用来强调动作的执行者。如： The TV set is made by the workers in the factory. 这台电视机是由这个厂的工人制造的。 be made into 意思为被制成 为
