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1、选择性必修一 Unit1 Language Points一、重点单词 1. vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的(教材P2)Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100，000 lives a year in Africa alone.青蒿素已经成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分，人们认为每年仅在非洲它就挽救了10万人的生命。(1)be of vital importance至关重要be vital for/to sth.对某事极为重要(2)It
2、 is vital that.(should) do sth.重要的是As far as Im concerned, reading is of vital importance in language learning.就我个人而言，阅读在语言学习中至关重要。It is vital that human beings (should) obey the rules of nature.重要的是人类应该服从大自然的规则。2. committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的(教材P2)Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was bo
3、rn in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.屠呦呦，一位坚定且有耐心的科学家，1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。(1)be committed to ones dream坚持不懈地追求自己的梦想(2)commit vt.承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)commit oneself to (doing) sth.承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)My new ne
4、ighbours are very committed to solving my problems.我的新邻居尽心尽力地帮我解决问题。The scholarship commits students to teaching in public schools.这项奖学金规定学生们要到公立学校教书。3. evaluate vt.评价；评估；估计(教材P2)Her team examined over 2，000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280，000 plants for their medical properties.她的团队检查了2 000多本古
5、老的医学文献，并对280 000种植物的药用性能进行了评估。(1)evaluate sb. on.根据评价某人(2)evaluation n.估计，评价make an evaluation of.对进行评估I cant evaluate his ability without seeing his work.没有看到他的工作情况，我无法评估他的能力。We must evaluate the consequences caused by the fire.我们必须评估火灾造成的后果。4. obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行(教材P2)They then
6、tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria, but this did not work either.然后，他们试着把新鲜的苦艾煮开，用从中提取的液体来治疗疟疾，但这也不管用。obtain knowledge/ones degree获得知识/学位obtain sb. sth./obtain sth. for sb.给某人带来某物My brother worked hard and obtained a scholarship.我弟弟学习很努力，获得了奖学金。The
7、se national parks obtained financial support from tourist companies.这些国家公园得到了旅游公司的财力支持。5. acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢(教材P2)However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. 然而，屠呦呦不愿承认失败。(1)acknowledgeIt is widely/generally acknowledged that.是大家公认的。(2)acknowledgement n承认；感谢The country has acknowl
8、edged taking/having taken every means to fight against the SARS.这个国家已经承认采取了一切手段来对抗SARS。In the end, the young man had to acknowledge that he had stolen the car.最后，那个年轻人不得不承认他偷了那辆车。6. defeat n失败；挫败vt.击败；战胜(经典佳句) No matter what happened, they refused to acknowledge defeat. 无论发生什么，他们拒绝承认失败。(1)suffer a d
9、efeat遭受失败accept/acknowledge defeat接受/承认失败(2)defeat an enemy打败敌人be defeated被打败 Defeated again, the scientist didnt give up.尽管再次被击败，这位科学家依旧没有放弃。To defeat the SARS, a deadly disease, was a real challenge to many scientists.击败SARS，这种致命的疾病，这对许多科学家来说是一个真正的挑战。7. apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然(教材P2)She concluded
10、 that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.她的结论是，煮青蒿显然破坏了它的医疗特性。(1)As is apparently shown in the picture/passage above.正如上面图画/文中所明显展示的那样(2)apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的be apparent to对来说很明显It is apparent (to sb.) that.(对某人来说)是明显的。The fog is so heavy that apparently it
11、is better not to drive on the highway.雾太大了，显然最好不要在高速公路上开车。Soon, it was apparent to everyone that he couldnt sing.很快大家都明白他不会唱歌。8. insist vi. & vt.坚持；坚决要求(教材P3) Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. 屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物，以确保
12、它是安全的。(1)insist(坚决要求/主张) that., 从句用虚拟语气；(2)insist(坚持说/认为) that., 从句用陈述语气；(3)insist on doing sth.意为“坚持做某事”。I insist that the project (should) be carried out on schedule.我坚决要求这项工程按计划开展。She insisted that the boy had stolen her wallet and he (should) be sent to the police station.她坚持说那个男孩偷了她的钱包，并坚决要求把他送
13、到警察局。9. conclusion n结论；推论(教材P4)Did you come to any conclusions? 你得出什么结论了吗？(1)draw a conclusion得出结论in conclusion总而言之；最后(2)conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出conclude from.从中推断出conclude that推断出；断定conclude.with.by doing.以做结束In conclusion, we have learnt a lot from the activity.总之，我们在这个活动中受益匪浅。He concluded from the
14、ir words that they didnt agree to the plan.他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划10. circumstance nusually pl.条件；环境；状况(教材P5)There is nothing we can do to help Linda. Her circumstances are beyond our control.我们没有办法帮助琳达。她的情况我们无法控制。under/in.circumstances在情况下in/under no circumstances决不(位于句首时需要倒装)Recycle cans, bottles, pl
15、astic bags and newspapers if circumstances allow you to.如果条件允许，把罐头盒、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸回收利用起来。We cant take measures until weve known all the circumstances.直到摸清了所有的情况，我们才能采取措施。Under such circumstances, he is likely to lose heart.在这样的情况下，他有可能会失去信心。11. found vt.创建；建立；把建立在；建设(教材P6)Bill Gates founded hightech and futuristic companies.比尔盖茨创立了高科技和未来派的公司。found.on.把建立在上过去式过去分词意义foundfoundedfounded建立findfoundfound发现，找
