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1、外文原文JSPappliation framworksbrwrigh、ichael fedmaWtare apltonframeorks:Aframework s areusable,semicomplet ppcaion tat can be speializdtproduce custo appliations Johnson Lke ppe,oftware aplations amore alike han thyreferent Te un on hesme compuers, expe put fro te sae devics, opu tote ameipas, and sved
2、tat the sehad sks. Delopers wrkig on centionadesktop applicains ae acustomed to toolkit and evloment nironents that everag the samnessbtweapplications. Appliationframeworks ld onhicmmn grond toproiedeloperwth eabl strutre tha can sere a the foundaion for t ownprdcts. fmeorkprovdes developers wth se
3、o backbo compoent hathave he follown charactsics:They ar knownt ork well n other picatins.2.They are rey to u wth te x pret.3ey aalsbe used b othees i teoanization.Famework reh lssic bi-vrssbuy opstio. I u bu i, youwilundtandiwhe yo are nbut w ln will it befeyo n ollyou own? f yo buy it, you will ha
4、vetcib eleiguveando lon is t gng otae? Thereis n rht anwer her, bt mt bsverswoulagree that mewrks sucha Strts povidea siificatretunoninvetment omaed o stating fr scrac, especilyorarge projets.Othe yps offrewoks:Thede o framerk appeo only o applicais b o appicaion coonentsa el. hroughut this arcle, w
5、 introdce otr tpeof rameworks thayucanus with Str hese include the Lene serch nin,the Scffodtoolki, thStruts validto, andthe les tag librry.Liaplcatonframwrs,thse tosprode semi-completeeion of a subsstem that ane specaied t provide actomcomponet.Some famerkshaveben linked a orieardevoment enviroment
6、.This inot the case with Strutsor a o the othe framerks swnn hs bk. Yo ca usany evelpmet envromn withtut: Visu ge for va,Juide,Ecipse, Emas, d Textpa a all puar choicesam Strut deelopers.Ifyou can use it with Java,you can use it wih Strut.nbln tchoogies:Applicats dveloed wt Struts are aed n a numr f
7、 enaintechnogsTh coponent a t speifc to Struts nduerli every Jaa web aplication. A reasnthatdeveles e frmewrs likeStutsis o hde e nay eails beind acrmsike HTP, CGI, andJSP As aSrutsdevope,you dn need tbnaphabt oupguru, ut a wokng koedge of thes bas echnoloe canhlp yu evise creaive stn to tricky poms
8、.Hypertex ansfer Prtocol (HTTP):W meditig aksetweeni,plmts ftenfolw a formal rotocoliplomatic otcols aresne taidmiundersadings n to kep netii frombreaking wn n a smiar vein, encomutrs nee to tal, e lo follow a orma prtocol. h protocol defineshow da is tramitte nd hot decode ce i arries. e apliions u
9、se typet TansferPrtocol (T) to mve at betweenthebowserrunng o our mputer a the aplcationrnigo tesrvrMayserer ppliatins ommuaesin protolher h HTTP Smeftese maintain n ongon conection betwee t comters. e aplicatio servernowsecty ho is cnncted a alltmes adcn tell whenacnnecti is drpped.ese they know t
10、satofeh onnecion andthe identity ofeach ersn usng t,tese areknown as sttefu roocos.By contrs, HTT isknonaatateless rotocl.An HTTP server wll aceptany requst ro anyclietan wlwaspovd some type ofsoe,even if th espe is jst o sy no Without theverd o ngatingadretinig conneon, stelss protcls canade lare v
11、olume of reqst.is isonre why the Internet has been abl to sl to millios o cpurs.Anoher rason HTT hsbecomete ivrslsdrd sitsimpicit.An HTT equstlook lik a orinarytxdocumen. Thi ha madit easfoapplications tomak HTT equests You n evensnd an HTPrequsty handsing stard uily such s Teln. Wenthe HTTP sponse
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