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1、中考短文填空解题技巧I首字母填空题解题技巧字母填空题主要考察学生正确理解和书写英语单词。解答这种题需要平时扎实地打好基础，单词拼写要过关，善于分析句子结构，熟练各种词形首的变化，动词时态形式的变化，非谓语动词的运用等，另外，掌握必要的阅读技巧，也很重要。一 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意根据首字母填空的题型，实际上相当于完形填空，必须先快速通读全文，尽量理解文章的主要内容，再仔细揣摩需要填词的句子，只有完全理解全句的意思，才能准确填写单词。 二. 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。1 利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义.2再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，
2、从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。例如，单，复数、形容词，副词的级别、时态、语态、语气及非谓语动词的形式等，要特别注意时态的呼应及主谓一致。三.通读短文，检查答案。II、动词填空题解题技巧动词填空主要用来测试考生对动词和非谓语动词形式、语态及主谓一致等知识的掌握情况。因此，掌握好动词的各种形式及其用法是做此类题的关键。我们可以从以下几方面着手： 一、确定正确的时态 1根据句中的时间状语来确定时态。例如，现在完成时的时间状语：already, yet, ever, never, just, before, for, since+时间点；since+过去时态的
3、句子, so far, by now, in/during the last/past few years etc 2注意时态呼应。 在主从复合句中，主句谓语与从句谓语动词的时态是相互照应的。 1）在宾语从句中，如果主句是一般现在时，从句根据需要选用任何时态；如果主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去的某种时态；如果从句表达的是一个客观事实不管主句是何种时态，从句仍用一般现在时。2）在状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，或是祈使句，或是含情态动词的句子，时间和条件状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作。3根据上下文确定时态。 有时句子没有明显的时间状语，也不能用时态呼应规则来对照，这时就可以根据上下
4、文内容来判断时间关系，确定时态。如： 如： “Youve certainly touched my heart with your choices. And Im sure the Five Friendlies_(touch) the heart of the world.”句意是“你以你的选择已经震撼了我的心，我相信这五个福娃将会给世人带来震撼。”后句是笔者对美好事物的祝愿，所以应用一般将来时。 二、确定正确的语态 我们在考虑时态的同时，也要考虑语态。当句子的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者时，用被动语态；反之用主动语态。如： “They _(choose) carefully by Beiji
5、ng 2008 to represent.注意：不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的短语动词（如listen，sleep，take place, happen，get up，grow up，break out，come in等）没有被动语态。如Great changes have taken place in the last few years.The war broke out many years ago 但是，当“不及物动词介（副）词”构成的短语动词其作用相当于及物动词时，则有被动语态。 The children are looked after well 三、确定非谓语动词的形式 如果所给
6、的动词在句子中不作谓语，就应该考虑用动词的非谓语动词形式。 1 want，hope，wish，decide，would like，agree, learn, plan, choose, manage, offer to do2在enjoy，finish，mind，be busy，be worth，feel like，whathow about，cant help，practice，have funproblems ,miss, give up, suggest, look forward to, succeed in, pay attention to, keep, be worth, all
7、ow -ing 3tell, ask, order, encourage, advise, teach, want, wish, allow sb to do4.remember, forget, stop, try, mean, love, like, need, go on, continue, be used to do/doing5.感官动词和使役动词 feel sb do/doinglisten to, hear sb do/doingmake, let, have sb do (have sth done)look at, watch, see, notice sb do/doin
8、g 在被动语态中用to do 短文填空训练： ATang Ling often smoked cigarettes(香烟) in his schools washing room. He started smoking 76 the age of 14. One day he learnt that the NBA star Yao Ming, an ambassador(大使) to the Chinese Association on Tobacco Control (中国控烟协会), asked people not to smoke. Yao Ming was Tangs favori
9、te star, 77 his words meant a lot to him. He decided to 78 up smoking. According to the Chinese Association on Tobacco Control, about 350 million Chinese smoke. Among 79 , 50 million are teenagers. Sun Jiangping of Beijing University said, “ Teenagers can get cigarettes 80 , especially when their pa
10、rents smoke or shops 81 cigarettes to them. Its very important 82 parents to help their children stop smoking.”A 15-year-old boy named Li Kun from Beijing said his 83 didnt smoke. Because they thought smoking could make people feel badly ill, they only allowed him to play with friends without smokin
11、g. Living in such a good family helped Li say 84 to cigarettes. Some of his smoking classmates once told Li that smoking made boys look 85 , but Li disagreed. He said, “Smoking is unhealthy and its not cool at all. Please stop smoking now!”76. _ 77. _ 78. _ 79. _ 80. _81. _ 82. _ 83. _84. _ 85. _B A
12、bout three years old, I felt very lonely. I didnt like my classmates, my parents or anyone else. My classmates didnt want to talk _77_ me and my parents were always saying that other kids were better than me. I thought I was the _78_ unlucky person in the world. One day I had a big fight with one of
13、 my classmates. I was so angry _79_ I hit him in the face. Just at that moment, a boy stood up and _80_ the fight. He was the monitor of our class. After that, he often helped me and we became good _81_. Whenever I got angry or sad, he would help _82_ to cool down. My life began to change because of
14、 the boy, my best friend. We spent a lot of interesting days together. As _83_ goes by, I have become happier with people and things. And it _84_ that people around me have changed, too. My parents dont shout at me _85_ more and my classmates become friendly to me. But now I cant see my best friend
15、because he is seriously _86_ and is staying in hospital. How I miss the days when we were together! I hope he will be all right and come back to school soon.77. _ 78. _ 79. _ 80. _ 81. _82. _ 83. _ 84. _85. _ 86. _CWhat can you do to keep healthy? Perhaps for children, healthy eating is one of the most
