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1、2021届高三英语测试题本试卷共10页,满分120分。考试用时120分钟。第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AExercising regularly not only helps you keep slim, but also improves your overall health and well-being. Different exercises produce different results, as they focus on alternate parts o
2、f the body.There are four broad exercise categories: endurance, strength, flexibility, and balance. Many people often only focus on one exercise type, but including all four in your workout will produce better results and reduce your risk of injury.EnduranceEndurance exercises increase your breathin
3、g and heart rate. By doing endurance exercises, you are working to keep your heart, lungs, and blood-flow system healthy while improving your total fitness.Over time these activities will make everyday activities seem easier.StrengthIf you want to build up your muscles, then strength exercises, whic
4、h are also known as resistance training, are right for you. Even the slightest increase in strength can make a huge difference in your ability to carry out daily tasks. Developing strong muscles also reduces your risk of weak bones.FlexibilityFlexibility exercises help stretch your bodys muscles. Th
5、is allows for more freedom of movement for other exercises and can also improve your range of motion, posture,ability to breathe deeply, and blood flow. Also, it reduces the muscle tension caused by stress.BalanceBalance exercises help prevent falls and are especially important to older adults, help
6、ing them stay independent. Most good balance exercises are ones that keep you constantly moving with your feet on the ground. Heel-to-toe walking and standing on one foot are simple ways to improve balance.21. How can a person benefit most from their exercise routine?A. By combining different exerci
7、se types togetherB. By having sufficient rest between their workoutsC. By concentrating on one training aspect at a time.D. By increasing the frequency of their training gradually.22. Which exercise types are most useful to improve a persons breathing function?A. Strength and BalanceB. Flexibility a
8、nd BalanceC. Endurance and StrengthD. Endurance and Flexibility23 Which part of the body plays the most important role in balance-related exercises?A.Arms.B. Legs.C. WaistD. NeckBThe history of microbiology begins with a Dutch cloth maker named Antoni van Leeuwenhoek,a man of no formal scientific ed
9、ucation. In the late 1600s, Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying lenses(放大镜) he used to examine cloth, built some of the first microscopes. He developed a technique to improve the quality of tiny, rounded lenses, some of which could magnify an object up to 270 times.After removing some plaque fro
10、m between his teeth and examining it under a lens, Leeuwenhoek found tiny twisting creatures, Which he calledanimalcules.His observations, which he reported to the Royal Society of London, are among the first descriptions of microbes(微生物), Leeuwenhoek discovered an entire universe invisible to the h
11、uman eye. He found different microbes in samples of pond water, rain water, and human blood. He gave the first description of red blood cells, observed plant tissue, examined muscle, and investigated the life cycle of insects.Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoeks discovery of microbes helped
12、French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop histheory of disease. This concept suggested that disease originates from tiny organisms attacking and weakening the body. Pasteurs theory later helped doctors to fight infectious diseases including anthrax, diphtheria, polio, smallpox, tetanus,
13、and typhoid. All these breakthroughs were the result of Leeuwenhoeks original work. Leeuwenhoek did not foresee this legacy.In a 1716 letter, he described his contribution to science this way: My work, which Ive done for a long time, was not pursued in order to gain the praise I now enjoy, but chief
14、ly from a strong desire for knowledge, which I notice resides in me more than in most other men, And therefore,whenever I found out anything remarkable, I have thought it my duty to put down my discovery on paper, so that the scientific community might be informed thereof.”24. Which of the following
15、 best describes Leeuwenhoek?A. A trained researcher with an interest in microbiologyB. A curious amateur who made pioneer studies of microbesC. A talented scientist interested in finding a cure for diseaseD A bored cloth maker who accidentally made a major discovery25. The underlined phrasethis lega
16、cyin paragraph 3 refers to_.A. the discovery of microbesB. Pasteurs theory of diseaseC. Leeuwenhoeks contributionD. the origin of the tiny organism26. What does the quote from Leeuwenhoeks letter suggest?A. He admitted that many of his discoveries happened by chance.B. He considered his work to be central to later medical breakthroughs.C. He was greatly concerned with improvi
