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1、姓名： 班级： 学号： 座号： 装订线商丘师范学院20082009学年度第二学期期终考试化学系 化学工程与工艺、化学教育、应用化学专业06级本科（化工升本08-1、化学06-1，化学06-2，化工06-1班）化学专业英语试卷题 号一二三四总 分总分人得 分说明：本试卷共7页、四道大题，答卷一律在试卷规定处进行，答在其它处不得分。得 分评卷人一、词汇：（本题分英译汉和汉译英两部分内容，其中英译汉部分包括20个小题，汉译英部分包括10个小题，将正确答案写在每小题后面的横线上，每小题1分，本题满分30分）1. （20分）（英译汉） (1) carbonate_ (2) monoxide_ (3) a
2、mino acid_ (4) aromatic_ (5) protein_ (6) covalent bond_ (7) raw material_ (8) chemical shift _ (9) solute _ (10) oxygen_ (11) monatomic_ (12) polymer_ (13) pesticide_ (14) detergent_ (15) donor_ (16) nuclear magnetic resonance _ (17) alkali metal_ (18) geochemistry_ (19) electrode_ (20) alkene_2.（1
3、0分）（汉译英） (21) 无机化学_（22）二氧化碳_ (23) 配体_ (24) 同分异构体_ (25) 氯化钠_ (26) 酸和碱_ (27) 摘要_ (28) 离子键_ (29) 甲苯_ (30) 电子_得 分评卷人二、阅读理解：（本题共3篇短文，15个小题，根据短文内容从各题的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答案代码填入题后的括号内。每小题2分，本题满分30分）（一）There is evidence that the usual variety of high blood pressure is, in part, a familiar disease. Since
4、families have similar genes as well as similar environments, familiar diseases could be due to shared genetic influences, to shared environmental factors, or to both. For some years, the role of one environmental factor commonly shared by families, namely dietary salt (i.e., sodium chloride), has be
5、en studied at Brookhaven National Laboratory. These studies suggest that chromic excess salt ingestion can lead to high blood pressure in man and animals. Some individuals, however, and some rats consume large amounts of salt without developing high blood pressure. No matter how strictly all environ
6、mental factors were controlled in these experiments, some salt-fed animals never developed hypertension whereas a few rapidly developed very severe hypertension followed by early death. These marked variations were interpreted to result from differences in genetic constitution. By mating is successi
7、ve generations only those animals that failed to develop hypertension from salt ingestion, a resistant strain(the R Strain)has been evolved in which consumption of large quantities of salt fails to influence the blood pressure significantly. In contrast, by mating only animals that quickly develop h
8、ypertension from salt, a sensitive strain (S strain) has also been developed. The availability of these tow strains permits investigations not heretofore possible. They provide a plausible laboratory model on which to investigate some clinical aspects of the human prototypes of hypertension. More im
9、portant, there might be the possibility of developing methods by which genetic susceptibility of human beings to high blood pressure can be defined without waiting for its appearance. Radioactive sodium 22 was an important tool in working out the characteristics of the sodium chloride metabolism. 1.
10、 The study of the effects of salt on high blood pressure was carried out _ （ ）A) as members of the same family tend to use similar amounts of salt B) to explore the long-term use of a sodium based substance C) because it was proven that salt caused high blood pressure D) because of the availability
11、of chemically pure salt and its derivatives 2. The main difference between S and R rats is their _. （ ）A) need for sodium 22 B) rate of mating C) reaction to salt D) type of blood 3. We can infer from the article that sodium 22 can de used to _ （ ）A) control high blood pressure B) cure high blood pr
12、essure caused by salt C) tell the S rats from the R rats D) determine what a sodium chloride metabolism is like 4. The most beneficial results of the research might be _ （ ）A) development of diets free of salt B) an early cure for high blood pressure C) control of genetic agents that cause high bloo
13、d pressure D) the early identification of potential high blood pressure victims 5. Which of the statements best relates the main idea of this article? （ ）A) When salt is added rats and human beings react similarly. B) The near future will see a cure for high blood pressure. C) The medical field is d
14、esperately in need of research. D) A tendency toward high blood pressure may be a hereditary factor. (二)Today, as in every other day of the year, more than 3000 U.S. adolescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime, it can be expected that of
