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1、2021考研英语长难句微观解析(26句)考研英语长难句(1)And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better.词汇突破authority 权威；harness “使停止”的意思;可以和stop互换,但是更加正式;还有一个单词是curb,表示“控制”的意思,相当于 control,原意是“缰
2、绳”,为考研高频词；conscious 有意识的；主干识别One leading authority says that+宾语从句。其他成分宾语从句的主干是 these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control；并列连词 not only but also连接两个并列的动词harnessed和 brought;；to help us sleep and feel better为目的状语。难点揭秘动词的并列造成识别上的困难。译文赏析
3、而一名顶级权威人士认为,这些极其强烈的大脑活动不仅可以被抑制,实际上还可以受到意识的控制,进而帮助我们睡得更香,使我们感觉更好。考研英语长难句(2)But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in
4、a big crowd.词汇突破glimpse快速地看一眼disregard抛弃,丢弃irrelevant不相关的instantaneously立即winding蜿蜒曲折的suspicious可疑的主干识别The human mind can glimpse rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent.其中并列的两个动词是 glimpse和 disregard。其他成分that is irrelevant修饰the 98 percent;；focusing on the monkey at the side o
5、f winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd现在分词短语作状语, focus的动作发出者就是句子的主语 human mind。微观解析the monkey和 the single suspicious face 为 focus on的两个并列宾语。难点揭秘主句中出现了动词的并列;而现在分词短语中又出现了并列宾语。译文赏析但是人类的大脑能只迅速地瞟一眼一个快速改变的场面,然后立刻放弃98%的不相关信息,而马上聚焦于一条崎岖森林道路边的一只猴子,或者在茫茫人海中的一张可疑的脸。考研英语长难句(3)A compa
6、rison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper.词汇突破reveal揭露primacy重要性,首要地位constitute构成,组成,包含主干识别A comparison reveals notbut
7、主谓宾结构。其他成分of British geological publications为定语修饰 comparison；over the last century and a half 为定语修饰 publications；an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research 为宾语；a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper为并列宾语。微观解析an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research 其中的
8、on the primacy of research修饰 emphasis; what引导一个宾语从句作of的宾语,what为宾语从句的主语。难点揭秘出现了并列的宾语,并且在宾语的定语中又出现了一个宾语从句,这样就增加了句子的复杂性，并且在句中出现了好几个动态名词。译文赏析在过去一个半世纪里英国地质学领域的出版物作一下比较，（我们）就会发现不仅对科研主导地位的强调不断攀升，而且对一篇可接受的科研论文所包含内容的定义也有所变化。翻译点播这个句子中有两个动态名词，一个是 comparison，还有一个是emphasis，其中还有一个动态形容词changing；在翻译的处理上都翻译为动词，并增加主语
9、“我们”。考研英语长难句(4)The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training， and can be illustrated in termsof the development of geology in the United Kingdom.词汇突破illustrate例证in terms of根据，以为依据geology地质学主干识别The trend was most obvious and c
10、an be illustrated主系表结构，两个并列的动词。其他成分naturally，in those areas of science，in termsof the development of geology in the United Kingdom为状语。 微观解析based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training作定语修饰状语中的名词 science。难点揭秘本句在“隔离结构”中讲解过，这里重点关注的是两个动词的并列：The trend was. and can be.译文赏析很自然，这种趋势会在尤以数学或实验室训练
11、为基础的自然学科领域中表现得最为明显，并且可以用英国的地质学发展作为例证来说明。翻译点播把副词放到开头来翻译，正是体现了前面所讲到的“副词很多时候就是在修饰整个句子”的说法。考研英语长难句(5)词汇突破 其他成分微观解析难点揭秘译文赏析翻译点播考研英语长难句(6)考研英语长难句(7)It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted b
12、y the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope.【词汇突破】auditor审计人员distract分散注意力【主干识别】It is entirely reasonable to believe that+宾语从句。【其他成分】for auditors作状语；scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distrac
13、ted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope为宾语从句。【微观解析】scientists should not be distracted为宾语从句主干；who know exactly where they will get there为定语从句修饰scientists；where they are going and how they will get there是定语从句中know的宾语从句; by the necessity of
14、 keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope为状语;of keeping one eye on the cash register作定语修饰the necessity；while the other eye is on the microscope作状语修饰keeping。【难点揭秘】主语从句中出现定语从句,定语从句中出现并列的宾语,这样隔离的障碍就更为明显了。【译文赏析】审查者完全有理由相信,知道自己准备做什么，怎么做的科学家不应该因为必须一只眼盯着收银机,另一只眼盯着显微镜而分散
15、了注意力。【翻译点拨】by短语在句子中充当状语,翻译为“原因”,where they are going and how they will get there处理为“知道做什么，知道怎么做”,这样的表达符合中文的习惯。如果直接翻译为:知道他们要去哪里和怎么去,就是对字面含义的翻译,属于死译。考研英语长难句(8)Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled
