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1、2021考研英语长难句分析范例(含翻译)(1)It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape measure they must use to determine their individual worth.断句：It tells the fashion industry / that it must take responsibility for the s
2、ignal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape measure /they must use to determine their individual worth.顺译：它还告诉时尚行业。它必须承担责任 因为信号 它发送给女性，尤其是女青少年，关于社会卷尺。她们一定会用来去决定她们的个人价值。解析：tell sb sth，所以that it must take responsibility 是宾语从句。for the signal是做原因状语，especially teenage girls, abo
3、ut the social tape measure,做定语修饰signal，只不过省略了从属连词。they must use to determine their individual worth做定语修饰social tape measure。调整：还警告时尚产业：对于女性该用什么样的社会标尺来判定自己的个人价值这一问题，时尚产业给女性，尤其是未成年少女，传达了错误的信号，时尚产业必须为此负责。(2)In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard
4、 for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.断句：In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, /it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images /that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.顺译：在丹麦、美国和一些其他国家。它正在尝试设立自愿性标准 为模特和时尚形象。它们
5、更多依赖同侪压力去执行。解析：In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries是做地点状语。that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement是定语从句来修饰images。可以采取顺译的翻译方法。调整：丹麦、美国和其他一些国家的时尚产业试图为模特和时尚形象设定一个非强制性标准，该标准更多地依靠同辈压力来执行。(3)It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a companys products as part of their inv
6、estigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.断句：It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a companys products as part of their investigations,/ they could be influenced only by the halo effect.顺译：它认为由于检察官并不购买一些公司的产品作为它们调查的一部分，它们可能会影响 只被“光环效应”。解析：that since引导的是宾语从句，顺译即可，that无意义
7、不翻译。调整：研究(它)认为，由于检察官并不购买那些作为其调查部分的公司产品，因此他们只能受到“光环效应”的影响。(4)But were going to have questions like that where we have things were doing that dont make sense when the market changes and the world changes.断句：But were going to have questions like that /where we have things were doing/ that dont make sen
8、se / when the market changes and the world changes.顺译：但是我们将会遇到问题 像那样。我们正在做的事情 没有意义。当市场和世界变化时。解析：when引导的时间状语从句，就近修饰前面的that dont make sense，所以需要将时间状语调到它的前面进行翻译。调整：但当市场和世界形势发生变化时，我们正在做的事情就会变得没有意义，这时候我们也会面临类似的难题。(5)Sentence 1：Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial demo
9、cratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on juries; that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on
10、 a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law.必备词汇和短语：regard . as .把视为；jury system陪审团制度；concrete具体的；crucial重要的；democratic value
11、s民主价值观；principle原则；minimal最 低的，最小限度的；qualification资格；literacy读写能力；be competent to能够胜任；serve on担任；juror陪审员；randomly随机地，任意地；representative有代表性的；cross section横截面，有代表性的实例；deny否认；on account of由于，因为；religion宗教；national origin国籍；defendant被告；be entitled to有的资格；trial审讯；peer同龄人，同等地位的人；verdict裁决；conscience良心；主
12、干：Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values主谓宾补结构，主语是Many Americans，谓语是regard，宾语是the jury system，补语是as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values，其中of crucial democratic values是of介词短语作expression的后置定语同位语：including the principles .是同位语，作宾语the j
13、ury system的同位语同位语从句：that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on juries; that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account o
14、f race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law是and并列的5个同位语从句，作principles的同位语，解释说明principles定语从句：who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy是
15、定语从句，修饰citizens翻译：很多美国人把陪审团制度视为重要的民主价值观的具体体现，包括以下原则：所有满足最 低年龄、文化资格要求的公民都能担任陪审员;所有的陪审员都应该从具有代表性的典型社会成员中随机选择;没有公民应该由于种族、宗教、性别或国籍而被否认担任陪审员的权利;被告有资格被同行审判;裁决应该代表社会的良心，而不仅仅是法律条文。Sentence 2：Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as
16、 early as the 1880 case of “Strauder” v. “West Virginia”, the practice of selecting so called elite or blue ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.必备词汇：the Supreme Court最 高法院;prohibit禁止;intentional故意的;racial discrimination种族歧视;practice做法;elite精英;blue ribbon一流的;antidiscrimination laws反歧视
