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1、Contract Law -the validity of contract,小组成员：,李泳欣,郭昌妮,耿迎晓,陈晨,法律英语之合同的效力,The Contract is an agreement that parties or between both parties establish, change or terminate their civil relationship. 合同是当事人或当事双方之间设立、变更、终止民事关系的协议。,Definition of contract 合同的定义,法律英语之合同的效力,The validity of the contract, refers
2、 to the legally binding contract has been established between the parties, that the force of law. The validity of the contract is binding law established in accordance with the law of contract. The validity of the contract can be divided into four categories, that is a valid contract ,invalid contra
3、ct ,the effectiveness pending contract , Voidable Contract. 合同效力，指已经成立的合同在当事人之间产生的法律拘束力，即法律效力。合同效力是法律赋予依法成立的合同所产生的约束力。合同的效力可分为四大类，即有效合同，无效合同，效力待定合同，可变更、可撤销合同。,the validity of contract 合同的效力,法律英语之合同的效力,What is a Valid Contract? A Valid contract is a legally binding agreement between two parties, whic
4、h may be evidenced by writing, words or action. 有效的合同是当事人双方达成的具有法律约束力(legally binding)的协议，可以书面(writing)、口头(words)或行为(action)进行证明。,The Validity of a Contract 合同的有效性,法律英语之合同的效力,Effective key elements of the contract 有效合同的关键要素,1)the actor has relevant capacity for civil conduct;(2)the intention express
5、ed is genuine; (3)the act does not violate the law or the public interest.,根据民法通则第55条对“民事法律行为”所规定的条件来看，主要应具有以下条件：1、行为人具有相应的民事行为能力；2、意思表示真实；3、不违反法律或者社会公共利益。,法律英语之合同的效力,无效合同(Void Contract) Article 52A contract shall be null and void under any of the following circumstances:(1) a contract is concluded
6、through the use of fraud or coercion by one party to damage the interests of the State;(2) malicious collusion is conducted to damage the interests of the State, a collective or a third party;(3) an illegitimate purpose is concealed under the guise of legitimate acts;(4)damaging the public interests
7、;(5) violating the compulsory provisions of laws and administrative regulations.,法律英语之合同的效力,第五十二条【合同无效的法定情形】有下列情形之一的，合同无效：（一）一方以欺诈、胁迫的手段订立合同，损害国家利益；（二）恶意串通，损害国家、集体或者第三人利益；（三）以合法形式掩盖非法目的；（四）损害社会公共利益；（五）违反法律、行政法规的强制性规定。,法律英语之合同的效力,The following exception clauses in a contract shall be null and void: t
8、hose that cause personal injury to the other party; (2) those that cause property damages to the other party as result of deliberate intent or gross negligence.,（一）造成对方人身伤害的；（二）因故意或者重大过失造成对方财产损失的。,合同免责条款的无效,法律英语之合同的效力,the effectiveness pending contract 效力待定合同,The so-called the effectiveness pending
9、contract, refers to that the contract has been established, but its not in full compliance with the provisions of the law of the effective elements, so its occurrence effectiveness or not is yet to be determined, the general said that subject to the right to admit or ratified to take effect.,所谓效力待定的
10、合同，是指合同虽然已经成立，但因其不完全符合法律有关生效要件的规定，因此其发生效力与否尚未确定，一般须经有权人表示承认或追认才能生效。,法律英语之合同的效力,The situation of the effectiveness pending contract,A contract concluded by a person with limited civil capacity or without civil capacity A contract concluded by an actor who has no power of agency A contract concluded b
11、y an actor who has no disposition,一是无行为能力人订立的和限制行为能力人依法不能独立订立的合同，必须经其法定代理人的承认才能生效；二是无权代理人以本人名义订立的合同，必须经过本人追认，才能对本人产生法律拘束力；三是无处分权人处分他人财产权利而订立的合同，未经权利人追认，合同无效。,法律英语之合同的效力,Voidable Contract ,refers to that the parties in the process of entering into the contract, because the intention is untrue, or for
12、 a major misunderstanding in order to make the wrong meaning, in accordance with the provisions of the law may be revoked shall.,Voidable Contracts 可撤销合同,可撤销合同，是指当事人在订立合同的过程中，由于意思表示不真实，或者是出于重大误解从而作出错误的意思表示，依照法律的规定可予以撤销的合同。,法律英语之合同的效力,(1)those concluded as a result of significant misconception; (2)th
13、ose that are obviously unfair at the time when concluding the contract. (3)those concluded by one party against the other partys true intentions through the use of fraud, coercion, or exploitation of the other partys unfavorable position,The situation of the Voidable contract,（一）因重大误解订立的；（二）在订立合同时显失
14、公平的。（三）欺诈、胁迫的手段或者乘人之危,法律英语之合同的效力,The property acquired as a result of a contract shall be returned after the contract is confirmed to be null and void or has been revoked; where the property can not be returned or the return is unnecessary, it shall be reimbursed at its estimated price. The party at
15、 fault shall compensate the other party for losses incurred as a result therefrom. If both parties are fault,each party shall respectively be liable.,合同无效或者被撤销后，因该合同取得的财产，应当予以返还；不能返还或者没有必要返还的，应当折价补偿。有过错的一方应当赔偿对方因此所受到的损失，双方都有过错的，应当各自承担相应的责任。,The legal consequences of Valid and Voidable Contract,法律英语之合同的效力,Thank you,法律英语之合同的效力,
