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1、专四语法考点串讲之五 倒装句 倒装考点口诀 倒装两大类，全倒部分倒； 主倒从不倒; 全倒分两种：副词、地点介短在句首; 部分倒装分六种: 否定副词在句首，only 加状在句首， so . that 结构 so 提前，承前否定/ 肯定 neither nor/so, 状语从句 as/ though，省去 if 虚拟句 一、全部倒装 1. 在以 here、there 、now 、 then、off、away 等副词开头的句子里(1) The birds flew away. Away flew the birds. (2) The rain came down. Down came the rai
2、n. 2. 表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。 （1 ）山脚下有一个美丽的湖。At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. （2 ）教室外面站着一个男孩。Outside the classroom stood a boy. 二、部分倒装 1. Only+状语位于句首时 (1)He only found it important to get along with others then. Only then did he find it important to get along with others. We can only make grea
3、t progress in this way. Only in this way can we make great progress.2. 否定副词及短语位于句首时。 常考的这类词或词语有：not, seldom, hardly, little, nowhere, by no means, in no time 等 。 I have never seen such a beautiful place. Never have I seen such a beautiful place.3. 在省略 if 的虚拟条件从句中。 （1 ）如果我是你，我会努力学习。 Were I you, I wou
4、ld work hard. （2 ）如果明天下雨的话，我们就延迟会议。 Should it rain tomorrow, we would put off our meetin（3 ）假如他听从了我的建议，他早就 成功了。Had he followed my advice, he would have succeeded. 4、 so neither nor 位于句首的情况。 1.So + 助动词 +主语 也一样。So + 主语 + 助动词 确实如此。 2.Neither 和 Nor 用于否定句，表示 “ 也不，也没有” 。 Neither Nor +助动词 +主语 5、 as/though
5、引导的让步状语从句 名词形容词 副词动词+asthough+主语+其他 6、 在“so + adj./adv. + that”句式中，将“so + adj./adv. ”放在句首时的倒装。 So hard does he work that he has made great progress in English特殊倒装句型： not only but also 句式的倒装 Not only is he interested in football but also he plays it well. (前倒后不倒) 考点倒装四注意： 1、 as/ though 从句的表语是名词，倒装后其名
6、词前不加任何冠词 As he is a child-child as he is 2、 if 虚拟句 Were it not.或者 Had it not been., 但不可以说 Weren t it. 或者 hadnt it been.（not 不提前） 3、承前肯定 so, 只能指定一件事情，两件事情用 so it is(the same) with sb4、 So + 助动词 +主语：也一样 So + 主语 + 助动词：的确如此四语法考点串讲之九：反义疑问句 1) 反义疑问句的人称 (1) 陈述部分主语是I时，附加问句的人称分二种情况： A. I hope that, dont you?
7、 I cant believe it, can you? B. I will be 14 tomorrow, arent I? I am interested in it, arent I? (2) 陈述部分主语是 everything、nothing、something 等时看作单数，附加问句用 it 指代。 (3) 陈述部分主语是 everyone、everybody、nobody、somebody、someone 、no one 、anybody、any one 等时看作复数，附加问句用 they 指代。 (4) 陈述部分主语是不定代词 one 时，附加问句用 one 指代。 1. Yo
8、u and I could hardly understand, _?1995 A. could I B. couldnt you C. couldnt we D. could we 2) 情态动词： (1) 反意疑问句的陈述部分谓语有 have to 时，附加疑问句通常用助动词 do。 (2) 反意疑问句的陈述部分谓语有 need 时，need 做情态动词，附加疑问句仍用need，need 做实义动词时，附加问句用助动词 do。 (3) 反意疑问句的陈述部分为 had better 时，附加问用助动词 had。 (4) 反意疑问句的陈述部分为 would rather 时，附加问句用情态动词
9、 would (5) 反意疑问句的陈述部分为 used to 时，附加问句用助动词 did。1. There used to be a petrol station near the park, _?2006 A. didnt it B. doesnt there C. usednt it? D. didnt there (6) 反意疑问句的陈述部分为 ought to 时，附加问句用助动词 should. (7) 陈述部分的谓语是 wish，疑问部分要用 may +主语I wish to have a word with you, may I? (8) must 在表示推测时，根据其推测的情
10、况来确定反意疑问句： A. must domustnt B. must be随人称用系动词一般现在时 C. must have donedidnt/havent (9) 反意疑问句的陈述部分是 wish 时，附加问句用情态动词 may。3) 祈使句的反义疑问句： (1) do., dont.?; dont., do.,? 1. When you have finished with that book, dont forget to put it back on my desk, _?2008/1998 A. do you B. dont you C. will you D. wont you
11、 2. Do help yourself to some fruit, _you?2000 A. cant B. dont C. wouldnt D. wont 3. When you have finished with that video tape, dont forget to put it in my drawer, _？1997 A. do you B. will you C. don t you D. won t you (2) Lets 和 let us 后面的附加问句，分两种情况； A. lets 包括对方在内，用 shall we 或 shant we。 B. let us
12、 不包括对方在内，用 will you 或 wont you。 4) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little 等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。 1. She seldom goes to the theatre, _?2010 A. doesnt she B. does she C. would she D. wouldnt she 5) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式 6) 复合句的反疑疑问句 (1) 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定
13、1. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, _?2003 A. hadnt she B. hasnt she C. wouldnt she D. didnt she (2) 上述部分主句谓语是 I /we think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine 等引导的宾语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句：前肯定句，后用否定句；前有否定句，后面附加问句用肯定(I dont think)。7) There+be 句型的反意疑问句，附加问句用 be there/b
14、e not there，由主语人称时态和数决定专四语法考点串讲之六 小语法点 一、反义疑问句的考点聚焦： 1)陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 arent I. I am a student, arent I 2)陈述部分的谓语是 wish，疑问部分要用may +主语 I wish to have a word with you, may I? 3)陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little 等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。 Some plants never blown (开花), do t
15、hey ?4) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式 It is impossible, isnt it? 5)must在表示推测时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。He must be a doctor, isnt he? You must have studied English for three years, havent you? He must have finished it yesterday, didnt he? It must be going to rain tomorrow, wont it? 6)省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用 will you。Dont do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / wont you ? 7) 复合句的反疑疑问
