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1、Lesson 1 A puma at large一、单词讲解 New words and expressionspuma pju:m n. 美洲狮spot spt v看出发现evidence evidns n证据accumulatekju:mjuleit v. 积累,积聚oblige blaid v使感到必须hunt hnt n. 追猎,寻找blackberry blkberi n黑莓human being hju:mn bi:i 人类corner k:n v使走投无路 使陷入困境trail treil n一串,一系列print print n印痕cling kli v. 粘convince
2、knvins v使信服somehow smhau adv.不知怎么搞地 不知什么原因disturb dist:b v令人不安puma pju:m; pum 美洲狮a large cat-like animal lion 狮子tiger 老虎leopard 豹 jaguardgju 美洲虎 cougar 美洲豹 cheetah ti:t; i:t 猎豹 lynx 大山猫pantherpn 黑豹 a black leopardcat-like 像猫一样的 mother-likechildlike (lovely) (褒) childish (immature) 形容成年人不成熟 (贬)at lar
3、ge 逍遥自在 Eg: The desperate criminal is still at large.escape 逃跑 (从危险中成功逃脱)flee away 跑开 (run away from danger)scatter away 四处逃窜 (in different directions)evade tax 逃税 (逃避应该承担的责任)desert 一般指军人离开自己的部队;开小差,逃跑了desert ones army out class 逃课spot n./v.n. 点,斑点 a beauty spot 美人痣 solar spot 太阳黑子 spotlight 聚光灯 be
4、in the spotlight 万众瞩目Eg: Tom Cruse is in the spotlight in American film industry. (to achieve a lot of attention)on the spot (非正式用法) 1.立刻,马上 (at once,immediately) 2.在现场 at the place of the action Eg: Anyone breaking the rules will be asked to leave on the spot. 任何人违反了规则将要求离开现场Eg: A leopard will not
5、change its spot. 江山易改,本性难移v. ( to see or find sth with difficulty ) 不易察觉observe (to see and notice sth) (正式) 观察,观测discover (to find sth already in existence)recognize (to figure out sth/sb known already)detect (to disclose something hidden or in disguise) 探测explore (to examine sth thoroughly in orde
6、r to test or find out about it)Internet Explorer 彻底的和仔仔细细的搜索和勘察evidence n. 证据 = proof (adj. evident adv. evidently) Eg: When the police arrived,he had already destroied the evidence.in evidence 显而易见的 Eg: He was in evidence at the party. 他在晚会上很突出。witness 证人 judge 法官 jury 陪审团 court of law 法庭self-evide
7、nt a. 不言自明的 The Declaration of Independence 独立宣言 “We hold these truths to be self-evident , that all men are created equal , that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights , that among these are life , liberty and the pursuit of happiness. ” 我们认为下面的真理是不言自明的:所有的人都是生而平等;他们天生就被上
8、帝赋予了不可剥夺的权力;人又生存的权力,获取自由的权力,追求幸福的权力。oblige v. 使. 感到必须 (be made to do sth by law or morality) feel obliged to do sth. 感觉有必要做某事 be obliged to do sth. 被迫做某事 Eg:Men feel obliged to take the responsibility for family. 男人觉得有义务对家庭负责compel (to make people have a particular feeling or attitude) 强迫,迫使;强使发生 9-
9、years compulsory education 九年义务教育drive (to make someone feel or do sth bad or unpleasant)drive sb. nuts 使某人发疯 Eg: The terrible music drove me nuts.hunt v. 打猎,狩猎 hunt for/go hunting for 搜寻,寻找 (hunt for a job ; hunt for a love)job hunter 四处寻找工作的人 head hunter 猎头 bargain hunter 四处买便宜货的人human being(s) 人类
10、 (区别于神和动物)mankind 人类 Eg: in the long history of the mankindhuman race (all people,considered together as a single group) 人类种族群体men: it sounds like a little sexism 听起来有点性别歧视be 存在 Hamlet.when he hesitated to kill his uncle. to be or not to be 生存还是毁灭being n. 1) -creature 生物 god being animal being 2) -e
11、xistence 存在 coming into being 形成,成立Eg: The Peoples Republic of China came into being in 1949. for the time being 眼下,目前Eg:For the time being,the cheetahs are hard up. 眼下猎豹的手头有点紧 (Lion king) hard up 手头紧corner n./v.n. at/on the corner 在角落里 (如介词用 in 表示在空间的内部)Eg: The Negro is still languishing in the cor
12、ners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. 美国的黑人在美国社会的各个层次和各个方面都饱受着痛苦,发觉自己是自己家乡土地上的流亡者around the corner 即将到来,即将发生 (sth is coming) Eg: The New Year is around the corner.cut corners 走捷径,抄近路 v. 被逼到墙角里Eg: A cornered beast will do something desperate. 困兽犹斗,狗急跳墙trail n. 痕迹 a trai
13、l of 一串,一系列 a trail of mud 泥迹 a trail of blood 血迹Eg: Wherever he went, the playboy left behind him a trail of broken hearts. print n. 印痕,痕迹 foot print 足迹 paw print 爪痕 finger print 指纹accumulate v. 积累,积聚 (强调积累的过程) gather vt. 聚集,把某人召集在某处 collect 收集,采集 assemble 集合,集会; vt. 装配hoard vt. 大量的贮存 hoard up = st
14、ore up Eg: The squirrel hoards up nuts for the cold winter.amass 积聚 = come together (主要用于诗歌和文学作品中)二、课文讲解Pumas are large,cat-like animals which are found in America. 本句中的 be found (there be)应理解为产于、分布的意思,不应理解为被动语态。Eg: Pandas are large,bear-like animals which are found in China.When reports came into L
15、ondon Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London,they were not taken seriously. 本句中 that 后的内容作为 reports 的同位语从句,只是因为维持句子的平衡美感(避免头重脚轻)才放到了后面。同位语从句简单记忆:同位语从句与中心词是等同和等值的关系,而不是修饰与被修饰的关系。这一点与定语从句截然不同,定语从句与其先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系。定语从句的引导词 that/which 在句中作成分( 主语或宾语) ,而同位语从句的引导词 that 为连接词,只起连接主