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1、被动语态的几种特殊用法 (1)主动形式表示被动意义1)常见的这类动词有：“act，add up，clean， compare，count，cook，draw，fill， iron，keep，let，look，make up， milk，kill，open，photograph ，prove ，read，sell，smoke，spoil”等。The window wont open(这扇窗户打不开。) The cow milks well(这头牛出奶率很高。 )Damp wood will not fire(湿木不易燃烧。)She doesnt photograph well(她不上相。)His
2、 judgment proved wrong(他的判断是错的。) The banana peels easily(香蕉皮剥起来很容易。) Flies kill easily in autumn(秋天苍蝇容易死亡。) It turned out fine that day(结果那天天气很好。)How did his coat catch on a nail? (他的衣服怎么钩到钉子上了?)2)实用动词“needwantdeserverequire +V-ing(动名词)”形式表示被动意义。My hair needs cutting。The bike wants repairingIt doesn
3、t deserve mentioningHamlet is required reading for the course(哈姆雷特为本课程指定读物。)3)一些固定句型如：be worth doing sth have/get sth(sb.)done，以及 to be under(in)+抽象名词等表示被动意义：Beijing is a big city in China and worth visiting( 北京是中国的一个大城市，值得浏览。)Mr.Wilson had his wallet stolen the day before yesterday(威尔逊先生前天丢了一个钱包)。T
4、he bike is under(in)repair(自行车正在修理中。 )This tape recorder is in use(这种录音机正在使用中。)4)一些不定式的主动态表示被动意义： There be 句型：There are a lot of things to doThere is nothing to worry about不定式修饰 want, have 等动词的宾语，而句中的主语同时又不是不定式的逻辑主语时：I want some clothes to washDo you have anything to say for yourself?不定式修饰 buy，get，g
5、ive 等动词的直接宾语，而句中的间接宾语又是不定式的逻辑主语时：His sister gave him a bike to rideMy father get me a book to read5)少数动词的进行时，有时表示被动意义：Her works are printingThe drum is beatingMy new house is building(2)“It is+V-ed+that-?结构表示被动常用的这类结构有：“it is said that”(据说)；It is supposed that(据推测)；It is well known that(众所周知 )；It is
6、 believed that(据信)；It is reported that(据报导 )；It is hoped that(人们希望)；It is generally considered that(有人认为 )；1twill be seen that(由此可以看出)；It must be admitted that(必须承认)；It must be pointed out that(必须指出)”等。It is believedthought that this medicine works wellIt is required(of)him that he give the evidence
7、(要求我提供证据)It is feared that he could not come hereIt is estimated that a flight to Shanghai would take more than one hour It is often realized that women held a high social position in the Southern European societies in the 10th and llth centuries(3) “get + p.p.(动词的过去分词)表示被动：这种结构往往用来强调动作的结果，也可用来表示突然发
8、生的事态，或最终出现的某种事实，是一种非正式语体。Did the question get answered?A Boeing 747 got crashed last week The house is getting paintedrepaired The building got damaged in the floodThousands of soldiers got killed in the warAs I passed by, my coat got caught on a nail注在下列句子中，不能使用“get + p.p. (动词的过去分词 )”结构。误：He got bo
9、rn in 1976正：He was born in 1976误：The stow got written by him正：The story Was writ ten by him误：The conference got being held in London正：The conference is being held in London(4) 注意以下被动语态的几种情况1)短语动词变为被动语态后，其后的介词或副词应紧随其后。Frank was brought up by his auntThe babies are well looked afterThe meeting Was put
10、 offThe salesman was put out by Mr.Wilsons question(威尔逊先生的问题把那位售货员惹火了。)2)“Verb+宾语 +宾补”变为被动语态后，宾语转化为主语，宾补转化为主补。The wall Was painted white(We painted the wal1 white)He is regarded as smart (We regarded him as smart) The house was found empty(We found the house empty)He Was heard to play the guitar in
11、the next door(I heard him play the guitar in the next door选择题1._ a new library _in our school last year?A.Is; built B.Was; bulit C.Does; build D.Did; build2.An accident _ on this road last week.A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened3.Cotton _in the southeast of China.A.is grown
12、B.are grown C.grows D.grow4.So far,the moon _by man already.A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited5.A talk on Chinese history _in th school hall next week.A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.gives6.How many trees _this year?A.are planted B.will plant C.have been pl
13、anted D.planted7.A lot of things _by people to save the little girl now.A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done8.Neither of them _in China.A.is made B.are made C.were made D.made9.Look! A nice picture _for our teacher.A.is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws10.Your
14、shoes _. You need a new pair.A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn11.The doctor _ for yet.A.isnt sent B.hasnt been sent C.wont be sent D.wasnt sent12.-When _this kind of computers_? -Last year.A.did; use B.was; used C.is; used D.are; used13.The Great Wall _all over the world.A.knows B.knew
15、C.is known D.was known14.I _in summer.A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born15.He says that Mr Zhang _to the factory next week.A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent16.Who _this book _?A.did; written B.was; written by C.did; written D.was;written17.Mary _show me her new dictionary.A.
16、has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to18.A story _by Granny yesterday.A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us19.The monkey was seen _off the tree.A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump20.The school bag _behind the chair.A.puts B.can be put C.can be putted D.can put21.Older people _well.A.looks after B.must be looked after C.must look after D.looked after
