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1、1,专,题,单项填空,第7课时 名词和主谓一致,二,2,Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress.(2010全国大纲卷) A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn,3,4,名词,1. 掌握名词可数与不可数;单、复数及所有格的用法。 2. 注意拼写相近、相似的名词如“instrument与instruction; incident与accident; process与progress; reward与award; relief与be
2、lief; sign与signal”等的词义及用法,5,名词,3. 掌握同义 、近义词的辨析如“way, means, approach与method; date与appointment ”等; 4. 注意多义词如“company 公司;陪同,陪伴;sense 感觉,意识;意义;exercise 练习,习题;锻炼;character性格;人物;汉字;practice 实践;例行做法,惯例;experience 经验;经历”等,6,名词,5. 注意词组搭配内的名词的单复数,可数与不可数;如find fault with, make sense, make a difference 等。 归类进行
3、整理并强化分类记忆这些词汇会大有裨益的,7,Whats the _, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesnt make an effort to help himself?(2011江西卷) A. sympathy B. theme C. object D. point,8,9,主谓一致,主谓一致的原则:形式一致;内容一致;就近一致,10,考点1】代词作主语,Nothing but stamps and envelopes _ for sale. A. are B. is C. are left D. remain,11,12,1. 由each
4、, either, neither, one, the other, another, anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, something, nobody, no one, nothing等指代单数名词的不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 2主语是who, what, which, all, more, most, some, any, none, the rest等时,谓语动词的形式须依据具体情况而定。 3. such, the same 起指示代词作用时,应根据其所
5、指定的内容来决定单复数,13,考点2】名词作主语,Apples of this kind _ well. A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold,14,15,1. 主语是board, family, class, team, group, crowd, audience, company, crew, committee, enemy, government, party等名词,如果作为整体,谓语动词用单数形式;如果作为其中一个一个的成员,谓语动词用复数形式。 2. 主语是时间、距离、价格、度量衡单位等名词或短语,不论它们是单数还是复数,谓语动词一般用单
6、数形式,16,3. 主语是news, politics, physics, plastics, mathematics等名词时,谓语动词常用单数形式。 4. 主语若是书名、剧名、报纸杂志名称或国家、单位名称时,即使名词是复数形式,谓语动词也只能用单数形式。 5. 主语是clothes, compasses, goods, glasses, trousers, scissors, shoes, gloves等名词时,谓语动词常用复数形式,17,6. 主语是kind of, type of, pair of, amount of, quantity of名词时,谓语动词的形式须依照kind, ty
7、pe, amount, pair, quantity的数而确定。 7. 主语是the number of 名词复数时,谓语动词用单数形式。但主语是a number of 名词复数时,谓语动词却用复数形式,18,8. population作主语时,谓语一般用单数;但其前有(百)分数时,谓语一般用复数。 9. 主语是 means, works(工厂), sheep, fish, Japanese, Chinese等名词时,谓语动词的形式须依照它们在句中的意义来确定,19,考点3】两个或两个以上的名词连在一起作主语,No bird and no beast _ on the lonely islan
8、d. A. are seen B. is seen C. see D. sees,20,21,它们均适用于范围是2的情况:both指“两者都”;each 指“两者中的每一个”;either指“两者中的任何一个”; neither 指“两者都不”,neither of或neither名词单数,注意:bothnot/ not both表示“并非两者都,22,To play basketball and to go swimming _ useful for charactertraining. A. was B. is C. are D. were,23,24,1. 用and连接并列主语,谓语动词
9、通常用复数形式。但是如果并列主语指的是同一个人,同一事物或同一概念时,如bread and butter; soda and water; coffee and water; aim and end; salt and water等,谓语动词用单数形式。 2. then1andn2指同一个人,如the writer and painter, 谓语动词用单数形式,25,3. and 所连接的两个名词前分别有every, each, no, many a 等修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式。 4. 主语是连接词or, eitheror, neithernor, whetheror, not but, n
10、ot onlybut also等连接的名词或代词时,谓语动词的形式须与最接近的名词或代词保持一致,26,5. 主语是“A with / as well as / along with / together with / like / rather than / except / but / including / plus / besides / in addition toB”结构时,谓语须与A保持一致。 6. more than one名词单数;a名词单数or two等作句子的主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,27,考点4】 “the形容词或分词”作主语,The wounded _ been c
11、arried to hospital already. A. is B. are C. has D. have,28,29,1. “the形容词或分词”指人作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数形式。 2. “the形容词或分词”指抽象概念作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式,30,考点5】句子、短语作主语,Most of what has been said about the Smiths_also true of the Johnsons. A. are B. is C. being D. to be,31,1. 主语是不定式或动名词时,谓语动词常用单数形式。 2. 主语是从句时,谓语动词一般用单数形
12、式,但在“主语系动词表语”结构中,如果是what从句作主语,其谓语的单复数取决于后面的表语,32,3. 在强调句型“It be 被强调部分 that/who ”中, be总是用单数形式;that/who 后的谓语动词的形式必须跟被强调的主语保持一致。 4. 定语从句中谓语动词的形式必须跟先行词保持一致,33,Barbara is the only one of the athletes who _ a winner of the 100metre race in our town since 1998. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been,34,35,在“one of 名词复数定语从句”结构中,定语从句的谓语动词一般用复数形式,但当one前面有the (only)修饰时,定语从句的谓语动词一般是用单数形式,36,5. 当There / Here be后有几个主语时, be与邻近的主语保持一致