《高二英语虚拟语气教学课件 新课标 人教（通用）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高二英语虚拟语气教学课件 新课标 人教（通用）（41页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、The Subjunctive Mood,是表示说话者对动词所表示的动作或状态的态度，是一种动词形式,陈述语气（the Indicative Mood,祈使语气（the Imperative Mood,虚语语气（the Subjunctive Mood,英语中的语气有三种,用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个想法， 有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式,用来表示请求、邀请、 命令、警告或劝告等,虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种纯的假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；二是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语
2、从句)。均有体现,虚拟语气的用法,虚拟语气用在主语从句中,虚拟语气用在宾语从句中,虚拟语气用在表语从句中,虚拟语气用在同位语从句中,虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中,虚拟语气用在其它情况下,虚拟语气，在主语从句中，谓语动词可以用虚拟语气表示惊奇，不相信，惋惜，理应如此等主观的情感,其谓语动词用(should) +动词原形,It is necessary that we (should) clean the room every day. (important, natural, strange, right etc. ) It is a pity that you (should) be so ca
3、reless. (shame, no wonder, etc.,亦可使用陈述语气,It is requested that Miss Liu (should) give a performance at the party. (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed,etc,注意：有些过去分词可以当形容词使用，在主语从句中要用虚拟语气，常见的有：desired, demanded, requested, suggested,required等,高中学生掌握一门外语很有必要,It is necessary that a high scho
4、ol student should master a foreign language,很遗憾他居然没有在,It is a pity that he should be absent today,我们说话要有礼貌，这是很重要的,It is important that we should speak politely,练习,很遗憾他没在,It is a pity that he isnt absent today,1、记住：这些动词后面接的宾语从句：表示( wish), (suggest, advice, propose, recommend) ，-(demand, request, requ
5、ire, insist), -(order, command)等。 2、除wish外，其它动词用should + do 构成, should 可以省略。 3、 wish接宾语从句有三种情况： 1) 现在：用过去式 2) 过去：用过去完成式 (had done) 3) 将来：用情态动词(would / could) + do,虚拟语气在：在宾语从句中,愿望,建议,要求,命令,动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去事实的愿望，或对将来的主观愿望，从句通常省略连词that,1）表示对现在情况的虚拟：从句动词用过去式或过去 进行式（be动词一般用were,我希望知道这个问题的答案,I wish
6、I knew the answer to the question,但愿北京全年是秋天,I wish it were autumn in Beijing all the year around,她希望仍和祖母住在一起,She wishes she were still living with her grandmother,2）表示对过去情况的虚拟：从句动词常用“had 过去分词,我后悔不该花那么多钱,I wish I hadnt spent so much money,他真希望没有失去机会,He wishes he had not lost the chance,3）表示对将来的主观愿望：从
7、句动词形式为“would 动词原形,但愿雨能停止,I wish it would stop raining,但愿你立刻来,I wish you would come soon,记住：一坚持insist, 两命令 order, command, 三建议 suggest, advice, propose, 四要求 ask,demand request, require等动词,我建议马上动身,I suggest that we (should) set off at once,学生们坚持要多上英语课,The students insisted that they (should) have more
8、 English classes,3 在主语would (had) rather that 宾语从句中，从句谓语用过去式表示虚拟形式,我倒希望他们和我一起去,I would rather they went with me,在would (had) rather(宁愿) 引导的宾语从句中 当从句表示现在或将来的时间时,谓语动词 要用一般过去时;表示过去时间时,谓语动词 要用过去完成时。I would rather he came tomorrow than today,I would rather you paid me now,I would rather you had gone, too
9、,Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow,4、记住：insist / suggest 各有两种意思，要用不同的语气 insist 表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即 should + do; insist 表示“坚称，坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事实。 suggest 表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式。 suggest 表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。 例句 The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。 He insist
10、ed that all of us should be there on time by any means. 他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。 He insisted that he was right,The exercises,我希望她能站在我一边,I wish she on my side,would be,我但愿自己能年轻三十岁,I wish I 30 years younger,were,他想要是他没这样做该多好,He wished he it,hadnt done,他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服,He ordered that the students the clothes
11、every week by themselves,wash,我建议马上动身,I suggest that we (should) set off at once,学生们坚持要多上英语课,The students insisted that they (should) have more English classes,His face suggested that he _ angry.(be,Mike insisted that he _ nothing.(steal,was,stole,虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句的用法,在suggestion, proposal, order, pla
12、n, idea, request, advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气。其构成是“should动词原形,My idea is that we should think it over before accepting it,We all agreed to his suggestion that we should go to Dalian for sightseeing,My demand is that you _ (get up)at six,should) get up,Presently he made the suggestion that they （car
13、ry on） their conversation in French,carry on,虚拟语气在条件句中的用法,条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的。条件从句与主句皆用陈述语气,你如果把油倒在水里，油就浮起来,Oil floats if you pour it on water,假若明年我有钱，我就去日本,If I have enough money next year, I will go to Japan,If I had enough money next year, I would go to Japan,1 表与现在事实相关的假设(纯的,从
14、句的谓语用动词的过去式（be的过去式用were），构成If I （we, you, he, they）动词过去式的形式；主句的谓语用would（第二、三人称）/should（第一人称）/might/could动词原形,要是我是你，我就会对他说实话,If I were you, I should (would, could, might)tell him the truth,如果他有时间，他就会（可能）和你去,If he had time, he would (could, might) go with you,要是我哥哥在这儿，一切都没有问题了,If my brother were here,
15、 everything would be all right,If he has time, he will go with you,2 与过去的事实相关的假设(纯的,从句的谓语用had过去分词，构成If I (we, you, he, they)had过去分词的形式；主句的谓语用should（第一人称）/would（第二、三人称）/could/might have 动词过去分词,如果你仔细一点， 这个错误是可以避免的,If you had been more careful, the mistake might have been avoided,昨晚如果有时间，我就会来看你的,If I h
16、ad had time last night, I should have come to see you,假如受过良好的教育，他就不会表现成那样,He would never have behaved like that if he had had a good education,假如我的表不停，我就会准时的,If my watch had not stopped, I should have been on time,言外之意:问题已经出现了,比较:If you are more careful,the mistake will be avoided,3 与将来事实相关的假设(纯的,从句的谓语用If I (we, you, he, they) 动词过去式或were to do 或should do 形式，主句谓语用should（第一人称）/would（第二、三人称）/could/ might 动词原形,假如他来了， 我们对他说什么呢,If he were to come, what should we say to him,假
