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1、2016年上海中学东校高三 12月月考卷语法填空For years and years people in USA (21) _(say)that the railways are dead. “We can do without railways.” People sayas if motorcars and planes have made the railways unnecessary. We all keep(22) _(hear) that trains are slow, that they lose money, and that theyre dying .But this
2、is far from the truth: in these days of expensive oil, the railways have become highly competitive with motorcars and planes. If you are intending(23) _(carry) people or goods from place to place, they are(24) _(cheap)than planes. And they have much in common with planes. A plane goes in a straight
3、line and (25)_ does a railway. What is more, it takes you from the heart of a city into the heart of another. It doesnt leave you up(26)_ a plane does, miles and miles from the city center. It doesnt hold you up as a car does, in endless traffic jams, and a single train carry goods(27) _no plane or
4、a motorcar could ever do.Far from being dead, the railways are very much alive. Modern railway lines give you a smooth, less(28)_(trouble) journey. Where else(29) _you eat well, sleep in comfort, feel safe and enjoy the scene while you are traveling at speed at the same time? And we are only at the
5、beginning, for we have just entered the age of super-fast trains, trains traveling(30) _150 miles an hour and more. Soon we will be wondering why we spent so much on motorcars we cant use because we have not enough money to buy the oil and planes we cant fly for the same reason.Have been saying hear
6、ing to carry cheaper so as which troubledcan at易错题分析：21. 从标志词 For years and years可以判断出句子的时态为现在完成进行时；25.从句子结构判断出为倒装句表“。 。也是” ，所以用 so；26从语义判断出句意为“正如飞机一样” ，所以用 as;十一选十A. especially B. lean C. normally D. scanned E. age F. comparable G. striking H. shrunk I. decline J. impact K. progression Being overwe
7、ight in middle-age makes the brain (31)_by 10 years, research by the University of Cambridge has found.The study, which(32) _473 brains, found changes in the brain structure of overweight people which are(33)_ seen in those far older.The volume of white matter - the tissue that connects areas of the
8、 brain and allows information to be communicated between regions - (34)_far more in those with a Body Mass Index above 25. Shrinkage of parts of the brain is associated with a higher risk of cognitive (35)_and dementia.The Cambridge Study found no differences in cognitive skills when participants un
9、derwent IQ tests. But the men and women will be scanned as they get older, to check for changes which indicate mental decline.Human brains naturally shrink with age, but scientists are increasingly recognising that obesity - already linked to conditions such as diabetes, cancer and heart disease - m
10、ay also affect the onset and(36) _of brain ageing.In the study of people aged between 20 and 87, researchers looked at the(37) _of obesity on brain structure across the adult lifespan.Researchers divided the groups into two categories: (38)_and overweight, depending on whether their BMI was above or
11、 below 25. They found(39) _differences in the volume of white matter. Overweight individuals had a widespread reduction in white matter compared with lean people.The team then calculated how white matter volume related to age across the two groups. They discovered that an overweight person at 50 had
12、 a(40) _white matter volume to a lean person aged 60.Researchers only observed these differences from middle-age onwards, suggesting that brains may be particularly vulnerable during this period of ageing.E D C H I K J B G F 易错题分析：32. 根据标志词 brainsbrain structure词性和句子意思可以判断出是扫描大脑，所以用 scanned33. 根据标志词
13、 Shrinkage of parts的提示，可以判断出来这空填 shrunk；35. 此处易错主要是学生通常把 decline看成动词，忽略它的名词的性质，所以容易错；40. 此处学生可能容易判断错词性，把它当成缺乏副词，所以容易写错，根据句子意思，这里是“50 多的人比起 60多岁的人，白质相当多”可以判断出来这空填 comparable完型Language is hard. In fact, its infinitely harder and more complicated than math. And yet, nearly every small child can learn a
14、nd master language.Why is math so overwhelming for so many students? And how high is the price we pay from having so many math- (41) _ or even math-illiterate people in our society? Too high, especially as the ability to grasp data and pursue advanced work that involves math is becoming increasingly
15、(42) _ for both citizens and job applicants.But how many of us feel incapable, rather than poorly taught, when we are confronted with the rigors of math? How many children who struggled to grasp math concepts, who lacked the necessary tool kit, were led to feel stupid, even demeaned?Compare it to spoken or written language. When you make a mistake, a teacher corrects the part that is wrong. And then you(43) _. With math, if you dont have the correct result, it is typically treated as wrong. And, as mistake after mistake(44) _, too many students simply give up: I cant do
