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1、 一般说来，英语中的虚拟条件从句（Sentence of Unreal Condition）是用if引导的从句表示，但有时也可用其他方式来暗示存在虚拟条件。这种隐含式虚拟条件句叫含蓄虚拟条件句，它常可以转化成if引导的虚拟条件句，常有如下一些表达方式。 一、用介词或介词短语表示 常见的介词和介词短语有without、with、under、in、but for、in the absence of等。 We wouldnt have achieved so much without the correct leadership of the party（=if there hadnt been t
2、he correct leadership of the party）如果没有党的正确领导，我们就不会取得这么大的成就。 With better equipment（=If we had better equipment），we would have finished the job ever sooner要是设备好些，我们本可更快地完成这项工作。 But for the traffic jam（=lf it hadnt been for the traffic jam），we would have arrived long ago要不是交通拥挤，我们早就到达这儿了。 Under anothe
3、r social system（=If it had been under another social system），such floods would have caused terrible disasters要是在另一种社会制度下，这样的水灾是会造成可怕的灾难的。 In doing so like that（=If I did so like that），my teacher might be angry with me如果像那样做，老师也许会生气的。 In the absence of water on earth（=If there were no water on earth）
4、，there would be no life at a11地球上没有水的话，就没有生命。 二、用连词表示 常见的连词有otherwise、or、butthat、but、in order that等。 I was really busy，otherwise（=if I werent so busy）I would certainly go with you我确实太忙了，不然的话，我一定会和你一块去。 The little boy would have fallen into the river，but the PLA man caught him（=If the PLA man hadnt c
5、aught him）要不是解放军战士把小孩拉住，他就掉到河里了。 She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted（=If she listened carefully，she might discover exactly what he wanted）她要认真听的话，或许就会发现他确实想要什么。 三、用分词短语表示 Meeting（=If we had met）anywhere else，we wouldnt have recognized each other要是在别处见面，我们彼此
6、会认不出来的。 Given more time（=If they were given more time），they could do the work even better假如多给一些时间，他们会把工作干得更出色。 Not having completed his task（=If he had not finished his task），he would not have been back home如果不完成任务，他是不会回家的。 四、用独立主格表示 The shower being over（=If the shower were over），we would continue
7、marching阵雨过后，我们会继续前进。 Time permitting（=If time had permitted），we would accepted your invitation时间允许，我们会接受你的邀请。 Everything taken into consideration（=If everything had been taken into consideration），they would have raised their output quickly要是考虑周密的话，他们会很快提高产量。 五、用动词不定式表示 To work with him（=If you were
8、 to work with him），you could know he is a real man和他一起工作，你会了解到他是一个了不起的人。 It would be only partly right to answer in this way（=if we answer in this way）如果这样回答，只对了一部分。 To hear him speak English（=If one were to hear him speak English），one would take him for an English听他讲英语，真以为他是个英国人哩。 六、用祈使句表示 Suppose
9、your parents saw you do that（=If your parents saw you do that），what should they say？父母看见你这样做，他们会怎么说呢？ Persevere in your studies（=If you were to persevere in your studies），and you would be awarded the Nobel Prize如果你坚持研究，你就可能被授予诺贝尔奖。 七、有时一个定语从句也含有虚拟条件 A nation which stopped working would be dead in a
10、fortnight（=If a nation stopped working，it would be dead in a fortnight）如果一个国家停止工作，不出半个月准会灭亡。 Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same（=If anyone were in your position，heshe would have done the same）任何人处在你这个位置，都会这样做的。 八、通过上下文或其他方式表示 This is a step we should never take it would gi
11、ve rise to a lot of problems（=If we took the step，it would give rise to a lot of problems）我们决不能走这一步，否则会引起许多问题。 You could have avoided making such a mistake，but you didnt take her advice（=If you had taken her advice，you could have avoided making such a mistake）你本应该避免这样的错误，但你没有接受她的劝告。 九、用形容词、名词和代词表示 W
12、e would have paid attention to a nice little boy（=If a little boy had been nice）如果是一个大家喜爱的孩子，我们早就注意到了。 A polite person would not answer questions that way（=If he were a polite person，he would not answer questions that way.）一个有礼貌的人是不会以那种方式回答问题的。 Anybody who should be engaged to her would be laughed a
13、t（=If anybody should engaged to her，he would be laughed at）无论谁，如果同她定了婚，都会被人嘲笑。 十、用虚拟条件句的省略情况表示 （一）省略if的虚拟条件句 如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有were，had和 should时，可省略if，而用主谓部分倒装的方法标明非真实的条件关系。 Were I you，1 would study hard要是我是你的话，我就努力学习。 Should she be interested，I would phone her如果她感兴趣的话，我就给她打电话。 Had you not helped me，I sh
14、ould have failed要是没有你的帮助，我就失败了。 （二）条件句的省略 That would be fine（省略了if you should do it）那就太好了。 You might stay here forever（省略了if you wanted to）你可以永远呆在这里。 He could not fly（省略了if he tried）他无论如何也不能飞起来。 I should have called you up（省略了if I had known your telephone number）我本来要打电话给你的。 （三）主从句的省略 If only I had m
15、ore money！要是我有更多的钱就好了！ If only he were here！假如他在这里该多好啊！ If only he had not left！要是他没走，那就好了。 If only the wind would stop！风要是停了该多好！ 注意：虚拟结构中省去的从句有时并不容易找出。如： Who would have thought of it？ 2008年第5期 本刊论坛 本刊网络版 本刊博客 纸版订阅中文期刊网络传播阅读排行 目录 西部教育文摘 对我国农村中小学布局调整的思考 何卓 以教师资源的均衡配置促进义务教育均衡发展杨银付韩民王蕊安雪慧 高中选修课实施现状与对策的研究 潘洪建李志厚周福盛 农村中小学英语教师继续教育培养模式探究 魏淼 课改前沿 对农村新课改的一些思考 曹振勤 浅议新课程改革下生物教学中学生创新能力的培养 茹育才 重视小学数学学习评价促进小学生的能力发展 盛玉芝毛应谦
